
fl^aln^y- ^J&ftJzlUmJl 



Glimpses of the Life 



OF 



SAMUEL MORRIS 



BY HIS DAUGHTER 




PRIYflTELY PRINTED 



PHILADELPHIA 

1907 



Kp^k 



|UBRARYofCQN8RESs] 
Two Copies Receives 
JAN 15 1908 

0©pyri«;ni £ntrj? 

I^USS XXc.No.1 

60PY 8. 



Copyrighted, 1907, 
By Beulah M. R ho ads. 



Received from 
Copyright Office. 

l3'F-'08 



Reprinted from "The Friend," Published in 
Philadelphia, 1906-'07. 



PRESS OF WM. H. PILE'S SONS S. N. RHOA03 BOOKSELLER & PUBLISHER 

422 WALNUT ST., PHILA. 210 S. 8EVENTH ST.. PHIlA. 



INTRODUCTION. 



To share with others the privilege of near- 
ness to my dear father's life, has been the 
motive actuating the articles for "The 
Friend," republished herewith. 

At their beginning we had no thought of 
their assuming book-form. The Memorial 
is complete in itself, and this addition is 
merely its supplement. And yet, I remem- 
ber his own words, that a child is not the 
one to write a biography of a parent, for, 
partiality may distort the truth. It was 
therefore only after ineffectual effort to 
find an unbiased author, that I began the 
work myself. In reviewing the thirteen 
volumes of Journal kept by him in his many 



travels, a clearer sense of his vantage- 
ground as a Christian, has been granted me. 
My endeavor has been to cull such salient 
points as could be condensed into a book of 
moderate size, to intersperse a few notes of 
my own, jotted down in past years, and un- 
known to him; finally to weave these to- 
gether for the friends who loved my father, 
and desired some further record concerning 
him. 

H. P. Morris. 



INDEX. 



Accident, Losing Sight, 34. 

Railroad, 16, 74 to 78. 
Art, 127. 

Australia, Trip to, 8, 12, 132, 160 to 179, 197, 203. 
Benington, John, 9, 27, 28. 
Braithwaite, J. B., 87, 89, 205, 206, 207. 
Canada, 10, 11, 41 to 48, 92, 128. 
Carolinas, Trip to, 49 to 78. 
China, 157 to 159, 203. 

Cope, Thomas P., 11, 41, 87, 109, no, 113, 199. 
Daily Routine, 129, 130. 
European Trip, 86, 91 to 114, 119. 
Fisher, Abram, 56, 57. 
France, 12, 1 19 to 124. 
Frankford Monthly Meeting, 7. 
Friends Asylum, 24. 

Great Britain Trips, 86 to 91, 1 14 to 1 19, 124, 125, 197 
Haverford College, 8, 9, 25, 27. 
Indians, 10, 39, 40, 44, 191. 
Japan Trip, 11, 132, 134, 136 to 156, 201, 203. 
Missions, 127, 139 to 142. 



INDEX. 

Morris, Hannah P. — Compiler, 4. 

Luke W., 21. 

Samuel B., 22, 24, 29, 30, 31. 
Music, 81, 82. 

New Zealand, 132, i79Vto 188, 201, 203. 
Norway, 12, 132. 
Olney, Phila., 9, 31, 33, 126, 197. 
Peace, 80. 
Perot, Elliston, 22. 

Hannah, 22. 

William, 85. 
Rhoads, Charles, 126, 127. 

Jonathan E., 132, 160, 179, 181, 189, 193, 200. 
Sandwich Islands, 11, 132, 190 to 196, 198, 201, 203* 
Sansom, Beulah, 29. 
Saving Fund Societies, 22, 31. 
Spencer, Lydia, 9, 30. 
Washington, Geo., 22, 23. 
Wistar, Thos., 39. 
Westtown School, 14, 25, 83. 



Memorial of Samuel Morris. 



Issued by Frankford Monthly Meeting concerning 
our late beloved Friend, SAMUEL MORRIS. 



We feel it right at this time to record our 
sense of the exceptional grace bestowed 
among us by our Heavenly Head in the life 
and example of Samuel Morris, and to testi- 
fy to the loving faithfulness and devotion 
no less than the cheerful obedience which 
marked his labors in the service and house- 
hold of Christ. 

He was born in the year 1827. Looking 
back upon his life, we can early trace the 
helpful guidance of the only surviving parent 
his father, who lovingly devoted himself to 
the best interests of his children, and entered 
into their studies and pastimes, their friend- 
ships and their aspirations greatly to the 
profit of heart and mind. 

Leaving the city home at the age of six 
years, he was henceforth associated with 
Germantown, which in 1833 was still a quiet 
country village. The meeting at this place 
was then small, but his father's house was a 
centre at which paused many traveling 
Friends, bringing with them a spiritual at- 

(7) 



mosphere which cannot but have influenced 
his future life. Thus, when he was eleven 
years of age we find as a guest in the house- 
hold, a minister, who, taking both father 
and son into a season of silent waiting upon 
the Lord, there declared that if he had any 
true sense of the future he felt convinced that 
a call to public ministry and a wide field of 
service lay before Samuel Morris. Such a 
solemn prospect was never wholly forgotten, 
although times of departure from so high an 
aim might intervene. In reference to this 
period it is recalled that on a Fifth-day 
morning at Germantown, not long before 
his death, he was watching the school chil- 
dren at their play, and speaking of their 
future; he recalled how as a boy about twelve 
years old, in the garden of his father's home, 
he had been given to see something of the 
service that he should be called to in years 
to come. He said, " I saw Europe and I saw 
Australia," and his words conveyed the deep 
impression which this vision had made upon 
him. In later life also so distinct at times 
were the intimations of the Divine will, that, 
as he declared, he heard as it were almost 
an audible voice, or felt a hand laid upon 
his shoulder. 

When he was a student at Haverford a 
period of doubt and darkness intervened in 
his experience, but the pleadings of eternal 
love pursued him still, and this time of gloom 
fell across his pathway only to be followed by 
a crisis in his spiritual life, when in great 
prostration of soul he was enabled to make 

(8) 



a full surrender to the Lord of all that he had 
and was. 

In the years following Haverford his taste 
for a farm life led him to the pursuit of this 
occupation at the home of John Benington, 
in Chester County, where he entered fully 
into the work of the farm — driving the ox 
team and handling the axe with his compan- 
ions in toil. Here also he formed a life-long 
friendship with his instructor. 

Soon after the year 1850 a tract of land 
was purchased for a new home at Olney, 
Philadelphia, and here in 1853, after his 
marriage to our late beloved friend, Lydia 
Spencer, he settled for the remainder of his 
life, never wearying of the details of rural 
employment, but clinging to the variety of 
outdoor enjoyments, the beauty of the land- 
scape, and the quiet retreat. He was often 
heard to say, "After the tedious detail of city 
business, there is no medicine so effectual as 
working in a garden." 

As his life went forward seeking ever more 
and more to have his eye single to the Lord, 
he was qualified by Him for his service, not 
only as a minister of the Gospel, but in many 
weighty affairs of the Church. In the exer- 
cise of the discipline, especially, his clear 
judgment joined with great Christian tender- 
ness, fitted him in no common degree for its 
important and oft-times difficult labors. 
His sympathetic nature prepared him to 
enter largely into the feelings of others in 
the varied trials of life, as well as in their 
religious exercises and conflicts, so that he 

2 (9) 



was oftentimes engaged in privately handing 
forth a word in season to instruct, strengthen 
or cheer. 

Samuel Morris' gift in the ministry was 
acknowledged in the year 1864, when about 
thirty-seven years of age. Of the exper- 
iences which led to this important event we 
appear to have little record. Yet perhaps 
their fruit may be embodied in an utterance 
of his in recent years, when to one just begin- 
ning to speak in our meetings he gave his 
counsel to this effect: "Simple obedience is 
what we are to seek after; just to put aside 
the urgings and debatings of our mind, and 
simply obey the dear Master — that is all." 
Thus he expressed the spirit in which a 
Divine prompting to speak, even though 
it be a gentle one should be received. 

In the year 1876 he was drawn to an ex- 
tensive visit among the North American 
Indians. A few years later he visited Can- 
ada and our Southern States, where, finding 
unsettlement, he counseled unity and an 
avoidance of separation, maintaining that 
patient suffering and forbearance were more 
effectual than isolation. 

When he returned once more to the con- 
genial surroundings of home life, we find him 
in the serene enjoyment of daily blessings; 
for he had no desire to travel for travel's 
sake. He was not indeed exempt from trials 
in these quiet years, some of them very sharp 
and some of long duration, yet he was ena- 
bled through the abiding spirit of patience 
to rise above these things, and to accept 
( 10 ) 



them as of the Divine ordering. And when 
the affairs of the church again called him to 
distant service, he could leave home with 
an assurance that all would be cared for by 
the same gracious Master who sent him 
forth. 

Thus in the year 1889 the prospect of a 
visit to Friends in Europe was again forcibly 
presented to his mind as a duty now to be 
fulfilled. He found a companion in one who 
had been called in like manner to this service, 
our late friend, Thomas P. Cope, who had 
also accompanied him on previous journeys. 
We may here remark the great harmony and 
unity that existed between these two beau- 
tiful characters, not only in their long visits 
in the different countries of Europe, as form- 
erly in Canada, Virginia and Maryland also, 
but always in the more constant concerns 
of their home, meeting and community. 

Only three years after the return from this 
European trip a similar call drew Samuel 
Morris once again from home — this time to 
visit the colonies of Australia, also Japan 
and the Sandwich Islands. Once again the 
loving Hand of his Heavenly Father had 
provided for him a companion and a true 
yoke-fellow in the ministry, Jonathan E. 
Rhoads, who shared with him" the burdens 
of this long and arduous service. Their con- 
cern was to go on a mission of love, with- 
out criticism of faults, that so they might 
strengthen whatever of good they might 
find among any of the name of Friend. This 
indeed was the keynote of Samuel Morris' 
(ii) 



ministry. His companion on the long Aus- 
tralian journey bears this testimony to the 
message and manner of his service. "In 
our long voyage around the Pacific, his sym- 
pathetic feelings made his private service 
and intercourse as valuable as any portion 
of his ministry. In both public and private 
he advocated the Gospel of peace, and em- 
phasized to missionaries and others the neces- 
sity of co-operation with the Divine Spirit 
in teaching and preaching the Gospel of 
Christ. Having proved that Gospel a mes- 
sage of glad tidings to himself he would often 
present it to others in the same loving light. 
One part of his character which much im- 
pressed me was his trustfulness. He seemed 
literally to take no anxious thought for the 
morrow. He would allow each new move 
to bring its own solution of procedure, and 
from this cause was not easily jostled aside 
from a direct movement toward the main 
end in view." In both these extensive jour- 
neyings he and his companions made many 
valued friendships which lasted through life, 
and developed an interesting correspondence 
with Friends in France, Norway, Australia 
and other lands. The returning minutes 
expressed a warm appreciation of their ser- 
vice. 

Following him back to his home, we may 
note the many sidedness of his character as 
shown under all the varying circumstances 
of the earthly pilgrimage, as in the home cir- 
cle where his deep desire for the welfare of 
his family, often expressed itself in vocal 

(12) 



prayer at the time of Bible reading, or in the 
wise counsel and interest in the affairs of his 
servants, which kept them long in his em- 
ploy — everywhere the fruits of a gracious 
spirit made themselves manifest. Finding 
that the claims of the church occupied nearly 
all of his time, the greater part of his farm 
was rented, and he was thus released for 
other interests ; yet so generous and Christian 
were the terms made with his farmers, that 
five of them in succession were enabled to 
begin life for themselves by the purchase of 
independent farms. Of like tendency was 
his service in gathering the savings of em- 
ployees in factories of the neighborhood, so 
that large sums of money were accumulated, 
and many poor men became able to build 
their own homes. The testimony of his ser- 
vices to the country-side around about him 
is feelingly presented by a Methodist neigh- 
bor, as follows, "The question of who is my 
neighbor never troubled Samuel Morris. 
His sympathies were broad enough to take 
in his fellow-men wherever found on God's 
footstool, but towards those among whom 
he had been placed to live his long and useful 
life, he ever showed a sincere and heartfelt 
interest and a true neighborly concern. For- 
tunate indeed was the community in which 
he dwelt for so many years ; for he knew his 
neighbors miles around, in the good old- 
fashioned way. It was a great privilege to 
me to have known him for more than fifty 
years, and I believe I have seen in him the 
perfect flowing of whatsoever things are 

(13) 



true, whatsoever things are honest, whatso- 
ever things are just, whatsoever things are 
pure and lovely and of good report. " 

Nor was his earnest, philanthropic interest 
confined to his own neighborhood. His con- 
nection with the educational work of our 
Society was long and close. For forty-one 
years he acted on the Committee for West- 
town Boarding School, and was engaged in 
much of the detail of its work, especially at 
the time of the re-building of that Institution. 

In the peace of the world and in the politi- 
cal prosperity of our own land, he ever took 
a keen interest, being anxious for the purifi- 
cation of Government and solicitous for the 
choice of wise leaders. He was frequently 
sent with others to Washington by our Meet- 
ing for Sufferings, and he thus came in con- 
tact with each of the Presidents of the United 
States successively, from President Grant 
down to Roosevelt. Bearing with them as 
they did messages of peace, good will and 
benefit to men, he and his companions were 
always most courteously received. 

Nearer at home his heart was grieved to 
observe the evidences of political corruption 
on every hand ; he longed to see the day come 
when men would rise and throw orT the chain 
that bound them, and show to the world that 
they were indeed free men. He expressed 
his great concern for the outcome of the 
political struggle that was made in Philadel- 
phia during the last few months of the year 
1905, and hoped once more to exercise the 
right of franchise, but this hope was never 

(14) 



realized, for before that time the Master 
called him to enjoy his full citizenship in the 
Heavenly City, whose maker and builder 
is God. 

No memorial of our beloved Friend will be 
complete or true which fails to mention the 
gracious public ministry committed to him 
by our Lord and Master — a ministry which 
through forty-years flowed as a perennial 
fountain of refreshment and of healing 
streams amongst us. It was marked, as 
indeed was his entire religious life, by a com- 
plete and humble reliance upon the grace of 
God made known in the offices of our Lord 
and Saviour Jesus Christ, and through his 
offering of Himself upon the cross for the 
redemption of the world. His was a power 
that lay in simple truth, and in completeness 
and purity of utterance, rather than in great 
flights of inspiration. His sermons were 
marked by clearness of expression, much 
definiteness of aim, and a presentation of the 
great truths which came before him, in regu- 
larity of order and in a language which, 
while without rhetorical display, and uttered 
in a tone not far removed from that of com- 
mon life, was prevaded by a warmth of con- 
cern, a mild and healing smypathy, which 
attested the Divine source, and at once 
claimed and received the heartfelt attention 
of his hearers. As he was careful never to 
prolong his speaking beyond the definite 
message with which he was charged, this 
receptive attention was very usually main- 
tained in the hearts of his hearers quite to 

( 15 ) 



the end of his communication ; and many are 
those who have thereby found their highest 
aspirations awakened or renewed, and their 
spiritual strength promoted. The natural 
freshness of his gift was shown under re- 
markable circumstances in an incident re- 
cently related. A number of years ago he 
was traveling in the South by night, when, 
a bridge having been washed away by flood, 
the car in which he was sleeping crashed into 
the chasm. The passengers, being left in 
total darkness amid wreckage, wounds and 
death, were giving way to a spirit of panic, 
when there arose in the mind of Samuel Mor- 
ris, who had found himself pinned fast among 
the debris, the words of the prophet Isaiah, 
and he cried aloud in calm, clear tones to his 
fellow passengers, "Thou wilt keep him in 
perfect peace whose mind is stayed on Thee." 
He then urged upon them self-control, with 
the assurance that rescue must be close at 
hand. Thus a habit of dwelling near the 
Eternal Refuge ministered strength to the 
needy in their hour of extreme peril. 

Among all the attainments of an impres- 
sive life, the most lasting impression to many 
was that of the personal character of this 
dear Friend. Samuel Morris was eminent as 
an example of how the grace of God may 
develope the Christian life, and he thus 
showed forth the praises of Him who had 
called him out of darkness into his marvel- 
ous light. His quiet cordiality, his unfeign- 
ed humility, so well in accord with the pre- 
cept, "in honor preferring one another;" 

( 16) 



his simplicity of soul in thought and word 
and deed — and yet back of these a reserve 
of firmness, courage and settled purpose — 
all these combined to make a singular effect 
of poise, moderation, and unobtrusive com- 
pleteness which are among the rare attain- 
ments of character; they are indeed solely 
to be required by the secret might and effect- 
ual working of Him whose perfections we 
are called upon to follow. 

His humility was especially noticeable. 
Deeply conscious of his own inability to sus- 
tain his hearers in a Christian life, he would 
say, "Oh, I see so little result from my min- 
istry;" and on one occasion, being told of 
newness of life found in a man with whom he 
had conversed upon best things, he was 
moved to tears, and to exclamations of 
thankfulness that he had at last heard of 
fruit to his labor. The truth as taught by 
George Fox was ever before him, I have 
brought men to Christ and then have left 
them there. 

Referring to what is called "immediate 
conversion," Samuel Morris acknowledged 
that in the experience of some this type of 
change is needed; there were, however, he 
said, different degrees of awakening, and 
those who have not greatly violated God's 
laws are often led gently by Him, and almost 
insensibly brought beneath his banner, and 
shown clearly that they are his, after years 
of increasing love. 

In the declining years of life he was blessed 
by the loving Giver of all good things with 

( 17) 



an unusual soundness of mind and body. 
Illness was practically unknown to him; and 
yet this only led him to greater pity for those 
who were not so blessed. The disease which 
finally brought his peaceful life to a close was 
not thought of as a source of great danger 
by many of his friends, among whom he 
moved as usual up to within a day of the end. 
Simply a gradual weakening as of old age 
was noticed, and then came the peaceful 
change, on the seventeenth day of Tenth 
Month, 1905. 

Having been thus faithfully, patiently and 
cheerfully engaged in his Master's service in 
so many fields while strength was his, as 
strength declined he could make this ac- 
knowledgment in a letter to his sister, about 
two weeks previous to his death: "Looking 
back over the past, a quiet soul-satisfying 
peace is mostly my portion, not because I 
have done so much, but that my best has 
been given to the Best of masters, and as 
such it has been accepted so graciously. 
What little there may yet be for me to do I 
know not, but trust that I am patiently 
waiting and quietly hoping, through all the 
days of my appointed time, till my change 
come. We may well accept with daily grati- 
tude and praise the quiet peaceful old age 
that is made possible for us, that we are still 
surrounded with kind and loving friends, 
while creature comforts without number are 
filling the overflowing cup. May we not 
therefore exclaim with the Psalmist, 'Bless 

( 18) 



the Lord, O my soul, and all that is within 
me, bless his holy Name.'" 

We, of his own meeting, in solemn thank- 
fulness for such a life, record our sense of 
his sweet and loving trust, even unto the end, 
in Him who is the dwelling place of his chil- 
dren in all generations. We remember how 
blameless were his life and conversation 
among us, and how faithfully, amid the trials 
which were laid upon him in his later years, 
he kept the word of the Redeemer's patience, 
and knew himself to be kept thereby. His 
faith, as years passed over him, and as his 
mortal life matured and ripened, partook 
more and more of the simplicity of the Gos- 
pel. 

He acknowledged that he came to cling 
more closely to the essential realities of the 
Christian faith, and we believe his ministry 
of the spoken word among us partook more 
fully of these realities, and deepened in 
sweetness and strength as he drew near his 
journey's end. His memory is fragrant, 
precious, for we rejoice to believe that like 
Enoch he "walked with God and was not 
for God took him." 



(19) 



GLIMPSES 

OF THE 

LIFE OF SAMUEL MORRIS. 



There is a fitness in filling the measure- 
ment of such a life by some further insight 
into the details which could not be given in 
the brief Memorial of Samuel Morris. His 
was a quiet career, not appealing to the 
general public by any great pre-eminence 
of intellect, any bold stroke of mastery. 

" His was no lofty mountain peak of mind 
Thrusting to thin air o'er its cloudy bars, 
Broad prairie rather, fertile, level-lined, 
Yet also nigh to heaven and loved of loftiest stars." 

The simple majesty of goodness without 
false humility or self assertion, a steadfast- 
ness, a well-rounded whole, this is what a due 
perspective presents in such a character. 

In his childhood, we find him in his fifth 
year bereft of a mother's care, yet with a 
father who could combine the tenderness and 
control of both parents and who out of the 
depth of his own grief could live for the train- 
ing of his three little ones. Near the corner 
of Seventh and Walnut Streets, Philadelphia 

(20) 



was their house, and in Washington Square 
close by, with its green pale-fence, they 
gained space for play and air. At Eighth 
Street below Walnut stood their grandfath- 
er's home and a large garden lay in the rear 
with fruit trees and grass. A pleasant pic- 
ture comes to us of the little Samuel with his 
wheel-barrow and rake aiding Luke W. Mor- 
ris, his grandfather, in hay making. And 
with what a thrill came to him the word next 
morning that the dear old gentleman had 
died suddenly in the garden. The sight of 
the coffin, the being lifted to kiss the cold 
lips, was hard for so young a child, and in 
after years he disapproved of such early con- 
tact with death. 

The Infant School in St. James Court be- 
tween Sixth and Seventh (now Commerce 
Street) was really a kindergarten in embryo, 
the system not fully developed; but wisely 
conducted by Sarah B. Thompson (afterward 
Upton). Here she had eighty or more little 
ones, and to most of them she was a wise 
guide, and those who were tractable revered 
her memory. The very tones of her voice 
and the rustle of her silk dress could long 
after be recalled by Samuel Morris. The 
crossing of Market Street and the other thor- 
oughfares was made safer for the three chil- 
dren by the colored servant who accompan- 
ied them ; theirs were not the dangers that 
now threaten the pedestrian, but in the al- 
leys pigs abounded, and were ridden by the 
boys up and down before the school. This 
pastime had no attraction for Samuel Morris. 

(21) 



His father, Samuel B. Morris felt the need 
of wider environment, and in 1834 sold the 
Walnut Street house, which since then has 
been absorbed into ''The Philadelphia Sav- 
ings Fund," an Institution in which he had 
become interested as one of its earliest man- 
agers. The family of his wife, Hannah, 
Perot, had owned since 1804 the former 
Washington residence now numbered 5442 
Main Street, Germantown. Here she passed 
her childhood. On the settlement of the 
estate of her father, Elliston Perot, in 1834, 
Samuel B. Morris purchased the property 
and afterwards resided there winter and 
summer until his own death in 1859. 

The lumbering four-horse stage-coach 
from Bethlehem carried passengers and a 
daily mail to the city on the turnpike through 
one toll-gate after another, the railroad 
trains were just beginning to run, but did 
not venture after dark, or on wet days when 
slippery tracks were an obstacle, horses be- 
ing substituted for engines. The family of 
Jane B. Haines were congenial relatives, and 
her son Robert was a life-long friend of 
Samuel Morris. Their rambles on the Wis- 
sahickon, the climbing on the rocks of Cres- 
heim gave vent to their exuberance, still 
greater when their sisters came with them 
and sat on the rocks with their needlework. 
On the Church Lane hill their favorite pas- 
time was flying kites. One which they 
made, was so large that it flew away break- 
ing the string and could not be captured. 
Fifty years later, my father shouted one 

(22) 



night in his sleep, and on being awakened, 
he said he dreamed this huge kite had been 
found: a curious instance of sub-conscious- 
ness. 

A latent strength of character is shown by 
Samuel Morris when at the age of ten he 
walked the six miles from Philadelphia to 
Germantown alone, in order to save his fa- 
ther anxiety over an unavoidable detention. 

A summer school was now begun, com- 
posed of two or three families taught by 
Charles Jones, and held in the old coach- 
house of General Washington, which stood 
in the rear of the mansion. A row of lilac 
bushes led to this one-story structure, and 
from sketches made by the children under 
their drawing master, we get fair ideas of 
sunny windows and globes and maps. 

Winter brought the school indoors. A 
literary society too, they formed called "The 
Eradelphian," in the budget box of which 
various juvenile contributions told of their 
daily life, or journeys from home were re- 
corded concerning the outside world. " Par- 
ents Assistant," by Maria Edgeworth was 
a favorite book, and the stories, each with 
an excellent moral, had a lasting influence. 
The habit of saving strings was founded upon 
"Waste not, want not/' Robinson Crusoe 
was given to Samuel Morris as a reward for 
reading the two volumes of Sanford and 
Merton. This was one of the first bookc 
written for children, and Day, the author, 
drew good lessons for boys, in the characters 
of "Harry and Tommy;" "The Basket Mak- 

(23) 



er," in one of the tales, in Sanford and Mer- 
ton, led the father of Samuel Morris to have 
that industry taught his children, believing 
that handicrafts are an excellent employ- 
ment. Saddlery too was thoroughly entered 
into, and an outfit bought, so that it became 
practical, and many a broken strap was 
mended by my father in his mature years. 
To see him astride the wooden frame, mak- 
ing a leather harness for his children's 
trained goat, gave them a proof of his skill 
and interest in their pastimes. 

The early years of Samuel Morris were a 
training in philanthropic thought and work; 
for his father was one whose heart and hand 
were always open. Thus the boy would ac- 
company him to the Friends' Asylum in 
Frankford and the tact and love shown to 
the patients by him prepared the way for 
my father to take the position of manager 
for forty-five years, and he became Presi- 
dent of the Institution from 1888 to 1902. 
A cordial greeting was extended to each 
patient and many gave Samuel B. Morris a 
welcome. But an old man who had been a 
minister among Friends, sat in a dejected 
way and would give no sign of recognition to 
my grandfather, who however, kept up year 
after year, the hearty grasp of the hand and 
an invitation to walk with him. At last the 
spell was broken, the Friend was restored to 
his right mind and to his home, again re- 
suming his place in meeting. Being thus on 
a visit to Samuel B. Morris, he said, one day 
after Bible reading- "My dear brother, I can 



now thank thee for the comfort thou gave 
me when I was unable to respond. Thou 
wast not ashamed of my chain." 

An instance of spiritual insight was wit- 
nessed when the Journal of Thomas Shillitoe 
was read aloud in the same family at their 
usual First-day afternoon gathering; at its 
close this aged minister said, " There is one 
present, who has committed a grevious sin 
and who should return and confess it." The 
Scotch servant, when alone with her mis- 
tress, exclaimed "Who told that gentleman 
about me?" "No one," was the answer, 
"we know of nothing to tell!" Perceiving 
that the message came from a Divine source, 
the woman had no peace of mind, until in a 
few days she started for her former home 
with the Duke of Athol in Scotland. On 
arriving, she confessed a wrong that she had 
done when in service, and was restored 
to her former place, grateful and happy. 

The time was now nearing for Samuel 
Morris to leave the paternal roof, and to 
enter Haverford school, while his sister went 
to Westtown. The wrench from so tender 
a father made him sad, as shown by his let- 
ters and verses. The custom of memoriz- 
ing and reciting poems on First-day evenings 
gave a store of poetry, chiefly religious, to 
the children of Samuel B. Morris. My fath- 
er's great love for poetry led him to express 
pity for that type of mind, which finds in it 
no pleasure. When first introduced to Ten- 
nyson's "In Memorian," he read it through 
in one evening, and then saturated with its 

3 (25 ) 



wealth of thought, he lay awake the entire 
night, absorbed in the completeness of the 
poem. "The Excursion" by Wordsworth 
was also a favorite. 

Avoidance of personalities was a strong 
feature in his character. "Talk about things 
rather than about people!" he would 
say; so gossip became distasteful to him, and 
the prevalence of it in society and among 
neighbors, made him long for their broader 
outlook and deeper thought. Seeing the 
mischief wrought by tattling, he would plead 
with the young to cultivate sensible reading 
so that their minds might be wisely furnished. 

Most modern novels he considered con- 
ducive to a lower standard than that of the 
true Christian; right and wrong being so 
mingled, that plain Gospel truth becomes 
lost or crowded out by specious arguments 
in favor of evil. Moreover, the habit of 
light reading is so belittling, that the victim 
of it becomes unable to rise into a pure moral 
atmosphere or to imbibe the thoughts of 
truly great writers. He, however, admitted 
that some authors have, in the form of fic- 
tion, aided the world. 

One day while lying idly in the grass 
watching the flight of a flock of swallows 
overhead, he threw a stone among them and 
was shocked to see a bird fall at his feet ; the 
sight of its suffering, the knowledge that he 
had destroyed its life, made him resolve then 
and there never to kill for sport. The ten- 
derness of his nature thus developed, and he 
loved the innocent gaiety of animal life. A 

(26) 



field-mouse he found once in a pile of logs 
which he was moving. She knew her little 
ones' nest there would be discovered and she 
carried them one by one, by the back of the 
neck, as a cat does her kittens. Her des- 
tination for them was an empty crows'-nest 
in the top of a high tree, and my father 
watched with eager eye, her frequent jour- 
neys up the perpendicular ascent. 

A similar instance of maternal love was 
told by our mother. In a country meeting- 
house she found in a cushion a mouse's nest, 
as the Friends were dispersing. Taking the 
little ones, bare and shivering in their hands, 
three little girls, (of whom she was one) sat 
on the floor and held them out toward the 
anxious mother. She crept nearer, her fear 
for herself lost in solicitude for them, and 
then she took each wee creature by turn 
from the delighted children and hid it in a 
cranny. Such intimacy with the humbler 
animals makes us love them, and foolish fear 
on our part is forgotten, their rare instincts 
leading us to respect them. 

Country life was most attractive to Sam- 
uel Morris, and after Haverford was left, 
he went to study farming at the home of J. 
Benington in Chester County, Penna., at 
Glen Mills; and we can picture him guiding 
the oxen by the windings of the stream, as 
haying and harvesting succeeded each other. 

The family of Samuel Bettle also spent 
the summer there, and many men were hired 
for the busy season. Thus came the strange 
coincidence that nine Samuels were in the 

(27) 



household at once. The surveying and build- 
ing of the West Chester Railroad were a 
source of much interest. The stalwart form 
of J. Benington, his integrity and quiet 
dignity made him a centre and a tower of 
strength throughout most of his long life of 
over one hundred years. 

Veneration for "weighty Friends/' tak- 
ing sweet counsel with them, was a marked 
characteristic in Samuel Morris's earlier 
days. The reading of Friends' distinctive 
literature made him feel the secret power 
that lay in these recorded lives; and he 
sought and found it for himself. Yet the 
human touch of those near him, he felt a still 
greater comfort. 

Thomas Evans, Alfred Cope, Eliza Gurney 
Hannah Rhoads and others he valued as 
spiritual counsellors. To the ministry of 
women, he said he owned more than to that 
of men. 

Elizabeth Robeson was an acknowledged 
minister in the Germantown Meeting, and 
she lived at the confluence of the Schuykill 
and Wissahickon. Her farm was a rare 
place for botanists; it is now absorbed in 
Fairmount Park. Her stepson Jonathan, 
though a sufferer from deformity of body, 
was yet most loving in spirit ; so that a doc- 
tor said of him, "Some are endowed with the 
milk of human kindness, but Jonathan Robe- 
son has the cream!" So we can easily ima- 
gine his welcome at the meeting, as he and 
his mother arrived in their quaint chair (or 
chaise) ; the Johnsons, the Logans and a 

(28) 






few other families forming the congregation. 
The fine ash trees which now stand there, 
with wide spreading branches, were planted 
by him. The meeting-house in those days 
occupied the site of the present school, while 
the original one had been nearer the main 
street under the great buttonwood in the 
graveyard. 

As an inmate of the family of Sam'l B. Mor- 
ris for several years, we find Beulah (Biddle) 
Sansom, their aunt by marriage. She was a 
minister, and greatly prized for her sound 
judgment. After her death, the three chil- 
dren were taken by their father unto the 
room where she lay, but the sorrow of death 
did not appall them, for he had one of them 
to recite a poem, which lifted them all to the 
true sense of her eternal happiness. It was 
as follows: 

A cloud lay cradled near the setting sun, 
A gleam of crimson tinged its braided snow, 

Long had I watched its glory moving on 
O'er the still radiance of the lake below. 

Tranquil its spirit seemed, and floated slow, 
Even in its very motion there was rest, 

And every breath of eve that chanced to blow, 
Wafted the traveler to the beauteous west. 

Emblem methought of the departing saint 

To whose white robes the gleam of bliss is given, 

And by the breath of mercy made to roll 
Right onward to the golden gates of heaven, 

Where to the eye it peaceful lies, 

And tells to man its glorious destiny. 



(29) 



The time had now come for a farm to be 
bought, and Samuel Morris with his father 
looked at many in their vicinity, deciding 
finally on one near Olney, six miles north of 
the city, where natural beauties were rarely 
combined. " My son," exclaimed the parent 
as he saw through the trees the winding 
Tacony below them, "this is the right farm, 
we will build the house in this spot." So 
residing temporarily near by, the young 
man began the cultivation of the soil, also 
overseeing the erection of the new home and 
greatly enlarging the barn ; near which stood 
a magnificent walnut tree, three hundred 
years old. 

When all was ready, his marriage to Lydia 
Spencer of Gwynedd Meeting was accom- 
plished early in 1853. She was well-known to 
the family of Samuel B. Morris, having been 
invited as a girl to make her home with them 
and attend their school ; her practical worth 
and ability endearing her to them all, while 
her knowledge of life and domestic duties 
was soon to be brought into service. She 
became an elder in the meeting and held 
other offices, but was retiring in her nature; 
a severe illness made her an invalid in her 
latter years; yet through heat and cold the 
four-mile drive twice a week to Germantown 
meeting was seldom if ever omitted, while 
Samuel Morris also could say that he had 
been present at every session of every Yearly 
Meeting in Philadelphia from his twelfth 
year to his seventy-eighth — except at the 
time of his foreign journeys and on two 

(30) 



funeral occasions. The mid-week drive to 
Germantown brought about in a simple way, 
a benefit to his neighbors. Some of them, 
who worked in factory villages near Olney, 
asked him to carry for them small sums of 
money to the Savings Fund in Germantown, 
so that a hundred or more depositors thus 
laid by their earnings and were enabled to 
build their own houses; their accumulated 
amount at one time being thirty thousand 
dollars. This aid gave these neighbors a 
regard for Samuel Morris and they often 
asked his advice in business affairs and in 
making their wills. 

Samuel B. Morris earlier had the same 
desire to "help people to help themselves" — 
he, with a few philanthropic men, devoted 
themselves to the experiment of the Phila- 
delphia Savings Fund, early in the last cen- 
tury renting a room at Fifth and Walnut 
Streets and acting as cashiers in turn. The 
stability and wonderful growth now at- 
tained by this Institution, attest its firm 
basis. This in turn led to the founding by 
his effort in 1854 of the Germantown Savings 
Fund. Its managers were disinterested 
gentlemen who received no salary nor al- 
lowed dividends, preferring a low per cent, 
with safe investments. So it now has a wide 
patronage and has enlarged the building. 

My father loved to trace the Divine Guid- 
ance in daily secular matters. "The man 
who marks God's Providence will never miss 
a Providence to mark," he would say. Es- 

(31) 



pecially he felt this, in the choice of men on 
his farm, for as the cares of the church in- 
creased, he handed over the actual work to 
those who could give the farm undivided 
attention, reserving only a few acres for his 
own garden. Thus while he was in his mea- 
dow one morning, a day laborer came along 
the road, his coat on his arm, and said, "Do 
you want a man who can work?" His 
English color and heartiness were attractive, 
and Samuel Morris said, "that is exactly 
what I am wishing for." So, crossing the 
fence; he began to dig a drain as directed, 
and so thorough was he, that after a few 
weeks of such toil, he spoke of his family 
lately arrived like himself from Lancashire, 
and his sturdy efficiency caused his promotion 
as farmer, the place being divided between 
himself and his brother-in-law. Methodists 
they were, of the old-fashioned type, singing 
carols under our windows on Christmas Eve, 
full of ardor, energy and intelligence. At 
the end of fifteen years, like their predeces- 
sor, they had laid by enough to purchase 
farms of their own, and are now influential 
members of their community, one a bank 
director and going frequently to see his 
friends in England. This laudable ambition 
to buy land for themselves was successful in 
five instances among the farmers employed 
by my father, and was mentioned by him 
to a young enthusiast who wished the Gov- 
ernment to own all real estate. " Tis a rare 
case, an exceptional one!" was all this visitor 
could say, as he saw his theories confuted in 

(32) 



a series of facts, and that here, friendship 
and respect existed between landlord and 
tenant. The same family in another genera- 
tion followed and after them still younger 
ones are on the same farm, aiming in their 
turn to become future owners elsewhere, but 
keeping the soil in high cultivation for 
market-gardening, without impoverishment. 

The name of Olney was given by Alexan- 
der Wilson, to his own residence. He was a 
Friend from England who admired the poet 
Cowper and was intimate with Israel W. 
Morris of Green Hill. He owned the farm 
adjoining ours on the south, and the post 
office and village also took the name. On 
his death about 1850, the property was 
bought by Samuel Ford, who was instru- 
mental in establishing the school and closing 
the tavern, so that for many years no liquor 
could be bought. The village has now 
grown to suburban dimensions, and in addi- 
tion to the Methodists who predominate, 
several other churches have arisen. In its 
free Library for the working people, Samuel 
Morris took an active interest for many years 
as its treasurer, choosing the books, talking 
to the children who gathered there in the 
evenings, and encouraging the Librarian. 

In German town in 1846, a nucleus of a 
Free Library was formed by Samuel B. 
Morris, who gave three hundred volumes, 
and one of his children then acted as Librar- 
ian. This so interested Alfred Cope that he 
aided it largely in adding to the volumes; 
he with his brother Henry finally erected a 

(33) 



suitable building adjoining the meeting- 
house premises. About this time Friends 
appointed a committee to choose a Board 
of Managers of whom Samuel Morris was one r 
and so continued throughout his life. It 
has grown to such dimensions that twenty- 
three thousand volumes are now on its 
shelves and twenty-two thousand eight 
hundred and ten readers have enjoyed its 
benefits during the past year. The exclu- 
sion of novels makes it unique among Libra- 
ries, and it proves that the public can appre- 
ciate solid reading when light authors are 
not patronized. 

A sad accident came to my father in early 
life, soon after his marriage. While ham- 
mering a piece of iron one day, a sharp flake 
of it entered his right eye, destroying the 
sight. For two weeks he suffered intensely 
and then relief came gradually. His fre- 
quent inability to recognize strangers, some- 
times led them to question his passing them 
without a greeting. Yet the remaining eye 
did double duty and seemed to possess al- 
most the power of both, in writing and read- 
ing. His personal account-books were beau- 
tifully accurate, and often he would say,. 
" I have been balancing accounts to-day and 
took much time, but they are right to a cent." 

One of his children when asked the voca- 
tion of her father answered, "He is in the 
Committee Business." Thus the prepara- 
tion of Reports, Memorials and Appeals fell 
largely to his share. I remember once that 
he checked my impatience over a friend who 

(34) 



had needlessly altered his composition, 
striking out forcible words and bringing it 
down to a narrow sphere. Admitting his 
own to be the best, he quietly changed it 
and quoted the text, ''Charity endureth all 
things, is not easily provoked, thinketh no 
evil," but he regretted the tendency of some 
to repress all feeling. On my expressing 
wonder at his ability to bear with those who 
are "so afraid to do wrong that they cannot 
do right," he said, "My mission seems to be 
to keep the wheels from sinking so deeply 
into the ruts that they will stop entirely;" 
and this idea he carried out in actual life, for 
in our frequent rides, he would to relieve the 
horse, walk up the steep hills and would 
there pick up and cast aside any loose stones, 
exemplifying his constant endeavor to 
remove impediments from the highway 
whether material or spiritual. In his read- 
ing aloud from the "Pennsylvania Pilgrim," 
we find he marked many verses, among them 
these. Whittier here refers to Daniel Pas- 
torius, a Friend who was one of German- 
town's early settlers, and yet it is a word- 
picture of my father himself: 

"And, greeting all with quiet smile and word 
Pastorius went his way. The unscared bird 
Sang at his side; scarcely the squirrel stirred 
At his hushed footstep on the mossy sod; 
And whereso'er the good man looked or trod, 
He felt the peace of nature and of God." 

His spiritual life had not been unclouded 
in his early years, apathy and doubt had 
assailed him, but he had been enabled by 

(35) 



Divine Grace to receive Christ as his only 
hope of salvation, and, "to attain that high 
atmosphere where duty and inclination are 
merged into one, and thereby life's most 
wearing conflict is ended/' If we remember 
rightly his first message to be given to the 
meeting, was in Germantown, when he only 
quoted the words of David: " He brought me 
up also out of an horrible pit, out of the miry 
clay and set my feet upon a Rock and estab- 
lished my goings, and He hath put a new 
song into my mouth, even praise unto our 
God." Here he sat down, yet we can aptly 
add the remainder of the verse as exempli- 
fied in him: "Many shall see it and fear, and 
shall trust in the Lord." His confirmation 
as a minister came in the year 1864. 

The strengthening of smaller meetings lay 
much upon his heart and he received a call 
to visit many of them in New Jersey and 
Pennsylvania, though himself a novice. 
On reaching Salem, with a minute for relig- 
ious service, he felt the weight of it and could 
not sleep. Thomas Evans on hearing this, 
said, "Now my young friend, this will not 
do, this is no way to begin work." Thus my 
father gained strength and learned to rest 
easily, realizing that "underneath are the 
everlasting Arms." Again we find him at 
the hospitable home of David Roberts near 
Moorestown, arriving on a stormy night and 
with such a severe sore throat that he could 
not talk. The medical knowledge of Rachel 
Roberts here came into service, "Will thou 
promise to follow my directions?" said she. 

(36) 



So with hot applications to his feet and a 
dose of "No. 6," a peppery Thompsonian 
remedy, she burnt him inwardly and out- 
wardly; but in the morning he rose quite well 
and able to go to meeting. 

"And though he holy were and virtuous, 
He was to sinful man naught despitous; 
To draw folks to heaven by fairnesse 
By good ensample, this was his busynesse. 



But Christe's love and his Apostles twelve 
He taught, but first he followed it himself." 

So sang Chaucer in his description of a 
true minister of the Gospel, and we may 
justly apply this thought to our present 
subject. Not alone in his sermons but in 
daily life my father would present forcibly 
and in a winning way, the thristian course 
as he understood it. 

During a journey, he once met a young 
Episcopal clergyman, who fell into discourse 
concerning the essentials of Christianity, 
and dwelt on the importance of Baptism 
and the Lord's Supper. "Yet," said he, 
"one thing has always puzzled me. I had 
an aunt who was a Friend, and if ever there 
was a saint on earth, she was one; yet 
no Ritual was in her creed/' "Thou hast 
solved thy own problem/' Samuel Morris 
answered, " If so perfect a life as hers was 
attained without these ceremonies, why may 
not thou and I and everyone dispense with 
them?" 

Again we find him touching a sympathetic 

(37) 



chord by a word fitly spoken. In a city 
restuarant he sat near a young man who 
before eating, silently covered his face and 
gave thanks. As they were about leaving, 
my father went to him and expressed his 
appreciation of the act, saying that he him- 
self felt reproved for not doing so openly, 
and that this confession of Christ before men 
might have its influence. The young man 
thanked him warmly and said how heavy 
his heart had been, but now this evidence of 
sympathy was most cheering; that he was a 
Methodist and was striving to follow the 
right Master. The two parted like old 
friends, though they had never met before. 
During a ride to evening meeting I asked 
my father why, when Friends believe in the 
doctrine of Perfection, they should distrust 
and censure those who claimed its attain- 
ment. His reply was most characteristic, 
that since humility and self abasement were 
essential marks of the true Christian, those 
who sound their own praises subject them- 
selves to suspicion on this very account and 
cannot know their own hearts. The best 
men he had ever known, were the most hum- 
ble. On my repeating the verse, 

"If our hearts were but more simple, 
We would take Him at his word, 
And our lives would be all sunshine 
In the presence of the Lord; " 

he said that it was most true and precious, 
and that those who deny this, rob the Chris- 
tian life of one of its great charms. Often he 
would apologize for a hasty word or an im- 

(38) 



patient spirit of his own, which to those 
around him was scarcely preceptible, but 
proved his desire for growth in grace. A 
man who was fond of personalities on a cer- 
tain occasion praised my father to his face 
and he turned away saying, "I must not 
listen, thou art giving me poison." 

Once at Cain Quarterly Meeting he met 
with Joseph Walton, and the conversation 
turning on humility Samuel Morris repeated 
a poem with the title beginning, 

"Oh learn that it is only by the lowly 
The paths of Peace are trod." 

Six verses or more followed, and Joseph 
Walton greatly admired them. On their 
meeting at the same place two years later, 
Joseph Walton recited the greater part of 
it saying he had never seen or heard it but 
once. 

As one of our Yearly Meeting's Committee 
for the care of the Indians, Samuel Morris 
frequently went to Tunesassa to visit the 
Senecas in that region and the school there 
established for their children. He would 
laughingly tell us of his cool reception on 
arriving, for the Indians had little venera- 
tion for men in middle life, and their one de- 
sire was to see Ebenezer Worth and Thomas 
Wistar whose counsel they valued; they 
would crowd around the door of the car- 
riage, one would peer in to see, who had come 
from the city of " Brotherly Love," and then 
with a significant "ugh" he would turn 
away, and a series of grunts from the others 

(39) 



would be rather discouraging. As a younger 
generation of them came on the scene, they 
were more genial and cordial, anxious for 
advice in the management of their land, as 
it increased in value and the whites began to 
rent it, the town of Salamanca springing 
up in their midst. My father often referred 
to the wisdom of a Christian Indian, who 
had an acquaintance, an open unbeliever, 
who was endeavoring to unsettle his child- 
like faith. The old argument was brought 
forward that we are not bound to believe 
what we cannot understand, questioning the 
Triune Nature of God. The Indian simply 
answered by a simile near at hand — " Here 
is the Allegheny River beside us, you see the 
snow lying on the ice, and the ice on the 
water, the sun shines and they three become 
one element. This is a mystery, but not 
beyond our ability to receive." 

J. E. Carter accompanied Samuel Morris 
on a religious visit to other Indian Reserva- 
tions in New York State, and he tells the 
following anecdote: A meeting was interrupt- 
ed by two dogs fighting, and the Indians 
evidently enjoyed the situation. My father 
merely paused in his sermon, opened the 
door, drove out the combatants and resumed 
his discourse undisturbed. On the same 
journey we find an older Friend with S. M. 
and J. E. C. The three lodged with some 
kind missionaries, and on sitting down to 
breakfast they were asked to say " Grace." 
The older Friend replied curtly that such 
was not the custom in our religious Society, 

(40) 



at which the hostess looked pained and 
displeased. But my father came to the 
rescue, by explaining briefly in a pleasant 
way, that although we did not give thanks 
audibly in form, yet we always had a silence 
on that account, and he hoped that their 
presence might not prevent any expression 
on the part of the family. She therefore 
said "Grace" and harmony was restored by 
affability, which had been well-nigh lost by 
injudicious harshness. 

In the summer of 1877, Samuel Morris 
went with a Minute to Friends and others 
in Canada, having Thomas P. Cope as his 
companion. From his Journal we quote: — 

"Sixth Month 10th. — John Hodgson is an 
old settler, English by birth, and "took up" 
about one hundred and fifty acres of unbrok- 
en timber land some forty years ago. With 
no other tools than an ax and an inch auger, 
and no other help than a yoke of oxen, a pair 
of strong arms, and a brave heart, he put up 
a shanty where his wife and he began the 
business of life. The great trees fell before 
his axe, crops followed and the family in- 
creased, and we now found them in a new 
and comfortable dwelling, though of a style 
somewhat original, put up almost entirely 
by John himself, the machine for making the 
shingles on the roof his own contrivance; 
the plastering done with his own hands. A 
family consisting of six lusty sons and daugh- 
ters, with the gentle spirited mother still 
living, gather round his table, while barns 
and cattle and sheep and about one hundred 

4 (41 ) 



acres of cleared land covered with promising 
crops, are the reward of their honest toil. 
With the morning had come a strong, cool 
breeze and clearing weather, and we walked 
to the little meeting house in the corner of a 
neighboring wood — a neatly painted build- 
ing, put up on J. H.'s land and at his own 
expense — the meeting being regarded as 
'indulged.' 

"20th. — William Colquhoun met us, and 
we drove to the house of his father, Alex. 
Colquhoun at Hibbert. Here we found 
ourselves in a settlement of worthy Scotch 
people — Alex. Colquhoun and his wife Eliza- 
beth having migrated from the mother coun- 
try some forty years ago, with their parents 
who had taken up land in another part of 
Canada. Elizabeth Colquhoun's brother, 
J as. Dow, who had married Alex. Colqu- 
houn's sister, was living within sight, and 
around them were settled several married 
children of both families. Their well-tilled 
farms and comfortable homesteads bespoke 
true Scotch thriftiness, and their long resi- 
dence this side the Atlantic had scarcely 
modified the blunt honest manners of their 
race, while from their rich brogue one might 
imagine them but just landed on our shores. 
It was most interesting to hear their recital 
of the manner of life and the rough exper- 
iences of the earlier settlers of the country. 
Among other incidents which Elizabeth 
Colquhoun recalled as illustrating the hard- 
ships of her own children, she told us that 
her brother and herself when twelve to four- 

( 42 ) 



teen years old, were expected to carry each 
week the grain for the family supplies to the 
nearest mill about seven miles away. There 
they waited till the grist was ground, when 
slinging the bags on their shoulders, they 
trudged home again. As a reward of their 
well-directed industry, the evening of life 
was passing quietly away, surrounded by 
comforts of which they had known little in 
their younger years, and a quiet content- 
ment and thankfulness seemed to be their 
prevailing spirit. 

"At the Yearly Meeting, an address from 
the 'Temperance Alliance of Canada' to 
the various bodies of professing Christians, 
desiring their co-operation in procuring a 
prohibitory Liquor Law was read and direct- 
ed to be laid before the Yearly Meeting. 
There appearing to be no standing committee 
for the publication or dissemination of the 
standard writings of Friends, I took the lib- 
erty of calling the attention of the meeting 
to the importance of the subject, and sug- 
gested the appointment of a few Friends to 
take it into consideration. My concern ap- 
peared to take a lively hold of several Friends 
and a committee consisting of Adam Spencer 
Benj. Cody, Henry Lapp and A. Haight were 
appointed to inquire into the condition of 
Preparative and Monthly Meeting Librar- 
ies, and as they found it desirable, they were 
authorized to enlarge or replenish them. 
I can but hope that good may grow out of 
the movement, in more ways than one. 

"Seventh Month 16th. — We drove to the 

(43) 



Mohawk Institute near Brantford, main- 
tained by the 'New England Company/ 
an association organized in England during 
the reign of Queen Anne, 'for the Civiliza- 
tion and Christianizing of the Indians of 
North America/ The children of any of 
'the Six Nations' are admitted at this 
school and now number about ninety. Near- 
ly all of the needed labor on the farm is car- 
ried on by the boys, the girls doing all the 
work indoors, including making and mend- 
ing their own clothing and that of the boys. 
Jacob Barefoot, a Mohawk who had been 
educated here, and recently ordained a min- 
ister in the church of England, is acceptably 
filling the superintendent's place. We be- 
lieve the Institute is doing a good work for 
the Indians in these parts. 

" 17th. — To meet the Council of the Six 
Nations is proposed for us. The Reserva- 
tion set apart for them, is on the Grand River 
and contains fifty-two thousand acres, capa- 
ble of fair cultivation. Well-built houses 
and barns and lands in good condition, 
marked the thriftiness of several owners. 

"The session of the Council was opened by 
the superintendent who ex officio presides 
and keeps a record of their proceedings. He 
told us that their deliberations were marked 
with much good sense and decorum. On 
either side of the platform were arranged 
two rows of arm chairs occupied by the coun- 
cillors of the Senecas, Tuscaroras, Mohawks, 
Cayugas and Oneidas and beyond them were 
seated the three chiefs of the Onondagas, 

(44) 



'Custodians of the Wampum/ After many 
speeches had been made, I told them we were 
truly glad to find large numbers of different 
tribes living peacefully as brothers enjoying 
the protection of the good Government of 
Canada. I spoke of Wm. Penn. An elderly 
Indian replied he was glad to see these 
Friends from Philadelphia, their words had 
done them good. Another speaker had 
something to say in admiration of Wm. Penn 
and his principles of peace. Before parting 
they wished to show their appreciation by 
shaking hands with us and it was quite in 
our hearts to respond to their simple re- 
quest." 

"A meeting at Toronto had been arranged 
for and notices distributed, a railroad strike 
made carriage travel necessary, and three 
laborious days of slow progress, ended in 
disappointment. Referring to this the Jour- 
nal continues: "This third and last failure to 
obtain such a meeting has been a very close 
trial of faith; for so clearly had I seemed to 
see my duty in seeking an opportunity with 
the more serious of the Christian professors 
in Toronto, even before leaving my home, 
that I was brought narrowly to scrutinize 
the ground of my concern. But knowing 
that it had been only after much struggle 
against my own inclination, I was made will- 
ing to believe the secret exercises had been 
at least good for myself, not excepting this 
last close trial of faith and patience. And 
now the burden seemed in good measure re- 

(45 ) 



moved, accompanied with a quiet trust that 
the will had been accepted for the service, 
or that the right time for its accomplishment 
had not come. 

"At Toronto we were introduced to Alex. 
Graham Bell, a college professor. The de- 
velopment if not the invention of that won- 
derful instrument, the telephone, is to be 
attributed to him, and we were greatly inter- 
ested in his lucid description of it, as well 
as the philosophical principles upon which 
it acts." The following letter of Samuel Mor- 
ris to his son aged ten, was dated at 

" Rockwood, Ontario, Sixth Mo. 22, 1877. 

" My dear little boy: — 

"Never a day passes but one and all of you 
come before me in my minds' eye, almost 
as if you were really here far away in Canada, 
or I in your midst again. Last night I woke 
feeling sure I was at home, and turning over 
went very comfortably to sleep; but when 
my eyes again opened the sun was streaming 
into our little chamber eight feet square, and 
I felt no doubt I was at Rockwood, one of 
the most pleasant places we have yet found 
in our travels. Well-named indeed it is, 
for we reached J. E. Harris's house only after 
half a mile walk (baggage in hand), along a 
little stream, which seemed long, long ago 
to have cut its way through deep beds of 
limestone that were broken into great rocks, 
or cut almost perpendicularly on either hand. 
At length we reached the woolen mills of 
Harris & Co., built upon the side of the 

(46) 



stream, with neat little dwellings for the 
work-people near by, while high up on the 
hill above us was the home of the Friend who 
with his brother owns the mill. The house 
is new, one-story high, so snug and well- 
planned that I should like your dear mother 
to see it, were it not that I'm afraid she 
might almost grow covetous. A neat little 
garden of flowers and vegetables is flourish- 
ing on the sunny side, while down the steep 
hill are the mills and the stream as it winds 
its way among the rocks and beautiful woods 
of white cedar. Here we find three clever 
little boys without a sister, William and 
Charles and Edwin. They all go to school, 
but Edwin has not learned to write yet. I 
read to him and Charles just now thy letter, 
which seemed to interest them. I don't 
think the idea of collecting either birds'- 
eggs or insects had as yet entered their heads, 
and the latter seemed quite a mystery until 
I explained the process. Their good mother 
understands her boys very well and they all 
seem kind and gentle and loving, so that it 
is very pleasant for us to spend a day and 
two nights in such a home. 

''Then another boy I must tell thee about, 
with whom we met two days ago. His name 
was Jacob Stover, about twelve years old. 
Like some boys I know, he could not bear 
shoes and stockings, but not like some boys, 
he wore pants made of wool from his father's 
sheep, which his mother spun with her own 
hands. We were to have a meeting in that 
neighborhood in the evening and soon Jacob 

( 47 ) 



was off to give notice to the people; the horse 
he was to ride got away from him and he had 
a long chase to catch him. A business boy 
was Jacob, and he would have us out to see 
his potato patch, where to be sure, was a 
show of the very best grown potatoes we 
have seen in Canada, coming into full bloom, 
not a weed, and with the help of a friendly 
rooster, the bugs were effectually kept down ; 
all had been his own work from first to last, 
and Jacob was to have the profits. But I 
was not a little pleased to observe the anx- 
iety of this boy to have us see his older 
brother Milton's shop; he had built it all 
himself; upon the roof was a windmill that 
turned some wheel-work connected with it 
most vigorously, and inside was a turning 
lathe made almost entirely of wood, while 
sleds and notions of various sorts, all of Mil- 
ton's making, were ranged round the shop. 
So thou sees, there are clever boys every- 
where, and I love to think what good men 
you may all make some day. Thy account 
of thy own occupations at home was very 
satisfactory, and that you have so nearly 
gotten the better of the potato bugs is truly 
encouraging. 

" I am so glad my dear boy, thou art at 
home while I am away, it makes me quite 
comfortable to think of it, and to feel sure 
thou art trying to do thy part in making thy 
mother and sister happy. 

"Thy ever affectionate father, 

"Samuel Morris." 

(48) 



In the autumn of 1879 Samuel Morris felt 
drawn to visit Friends in North Carolina, and 
P. P. Dunn accompanied him in a truly 
fraternal way. A record of this journey my 
father kept, from which we make brief ex- 
tracts; but his reviews of his own sermons 
fall far short of their original freshness and 
power. We have not the personality and 
the graceful flow of language which so clearly 
aided the life of his communications. 

" The something which we name and cannot know, 
Even as we name a star, and only see 
His quenchless flashings forth, which ever show 
And ever hide him, and which are not he." 

Near Greensboro, the large family of Wm. 
Hockett was visited, and to this the Journal 
refers : 

"This venerable patriarch now in his 
eighty-first year is enjoying a green old age, 
still bringing forth the precious fruits of a 
well-spent life and a heart seasoned with 
Divine grace. By the light of his cheerful 
hearth, we greatly enjoyed listening to a re- 
cital of his trials and experiences during 
the dark days of the war, his anxiety for his 
sons, three of whom were at one time forced 
into the Confederate army, and one of whom 
(William) was after many hardships and 
much persecution, taken by the Union offi- 
cers as prisoner of war to Fort Delaware, 
where, through the intervention of Philadel- 
phia Friends, he was released and sent to his 
relatives in Indiana, from whence he was not 
permitted to return till the war was over/' 

(49) 



On a visit to a meeting where acknowledg- 
ment of three Friends as ministers was under 
consideration, Samuel Morris spoke of the 
important relationship which they occupy 
toward their fellow-members, their position 
as exponents of the doctrines and views of the 
Society, also the need of child-like depen- 
dence upon the blessed Head of the Church 
and the harmony that is known when the 
members are each keeping their right places 
in the Truth. 

"The good people were exceedingly kind 
and we parted from them in much love/' 

" Warnersville is a settlement just outside 
Greensboro, with a population of some five 
hundred colored people. Many of the 
houses are neat and comfortable; nearly all 
the money due in the purchase of the land 
had been paid. We were interested to find 
that the memory of our friend Yardley War- 
ner, as the acknowledged founder, is held in 
lively gratitude for his earnest and effective 
labors. 

"Attended their regular week-day meet- 
ing at New Garden, Eleventh Month 19th. 
Within a short walk is the Boarding School 
from which came the fifty children, among 
them a number of bright faces. One-half we 
understood were members with Friends. 
We were received with much kindness, and 
in parting with the superintendent, he said 
with some feeling, he was glad we had been 
among them and felt we were in our right 
places. 

"Holly Spring, Eleventh Month 22nd. — 

( 50) 



The Quarterly meeting this a. m. was well- 
attended. Divers testimonies were delivered 
and petitions offered for help and blessing. 
I found freedom to say that coming from a 
distant Yearly Meeting, I had been reminded 
of an occasion in which the Lord's people of 
old were set in battle array against the Philis- 
tines, and Jesse sent his son David with a few 
loaves to the camp to see how it fared with 
his brethren there. My heart had long been 
drawn towards Friends of North Carolina in 
the constraining love of the Gospel, and now 
that I found myself in their midst, my sym- 
pathies with them had been afresh awakened 
in the remembrance of that saying of our 
Lord 'One is your Master even Christ, and all 
ye are brethren.' When I recalled the trials 
through which they had passed in bearing 
their testimony against the iniquity of hu- 
man bondage through the long, dark days of 
slavery, and then their sufferings growing 
out of the late war, the spoiling of their goods 
with the many hardships they were again 
called to endure in endeavoring to bear their 
testimony to the peaceable nature of Christ's 
Kingdom, I felt they had strong claims upon 
the sympathy of their brethren in more 
favored parts of the Society. 

(Referring to the separation of 1827). 

"Again I had been made to rejoice that 
the fearful heresy which had led so many 
under our name to deny the Lord that bought 
them, had never maae its inroads among 
them, and my desire was that they might be 

(51 ) 



confirmed and strengthened in the simplicity 
of the Truth, as it had been committed to our 
forefathers to uphold before the world. 

"That there were still other goodly testi- 
monies to be borne. Our views with regard 
to the Headship of Christ in his Church, the 
relationship in which He was to stand not 
only as the Saviour, but the Teacher, the 
Shepherd and the Bishop of souls, who by the 
quickening power of his own Holy Spirit was 
to guide every living member of that Church 
into all Truth. 

"Our testimonies with regard to Divine 
worship and the ministry were adverted to, 
and the importance at the present day of 
upholding these in their integrity. 

"The desire to modify our views to suit 
the sentiments of the times was discouraged, 
as well as any effort to add to them what did 
not belong to them. These adjuncts would 
be found to be like Saul's armor, too heavy for 
us, and illy adapted to our work, for we have 
'not proved them.' The shepherd's sling and 
the smooth stones of the brook, when wielded 
in the name and power of the Lord, would be 
found far more effective. 

"My earnest desire was that the blessed 
Head of the Church might therefore strength- 
en, settle and establish us everywhere in the 
simple truth as it is in Jesus, making us more 
and more that humble, self-denying, spirit- 
ually-minded people that we ought to be, 
whereby we would indeed become a people 
to His praise." 

"Eleventh Month 23rd, 1879: — Our next 

(52) 



service was at Bethel in a snug little 
log meeting-house which was filled almost 
to overflowing by an earnest and atten- 
tive audience to whom my heart was very 
sweetly drawn forth. The group around 
this cabin as we separated was unique and 
pleasing for its thorough simplicity. Horses 
and mules tied among the trees were waiting 
for their riders. Into lumbering conestogas, 
or other non-descript vehicles, were soon 
piling whole families of little ones with their 
mothers. One of these was drawn by a 
shaggy, muley ox, with horse gears on his 
back, a collar turned upside down, the bet- 
ter to suit his figure, and a bit in his mouth, 
while knots of pedestrians wended their 
ways homewards by woodland paths. I 
joined a young father and mother carrying 
the baby by turns, who seemed to be taking 
comfort in our good meeting, and would 
hardly let us pass them by, without at least 
a call at their home which they pointed out 
up the valley. 

"By an eight o'clock train we left for 
Cane Creek. This meeting was preceded by 
a First-day school which we attended, with- 
out taking part in the exercises. There is 
evidently a need for some systematic relig- 
ious instruction in such communities as we 
meet with here, but modification in the pre- 
sent method might be made to advantage, 
and we have offered a few suggestions which 
are kindly received. 

"At Rocky River meeting my heart ex- 
pressed the petition of the Psalmist, 'Let the 

(53) 



words of my mouth and the meditations of 
my heart be acceptable,' &c. The tendency of 
the unruly member to evil speaking unless 
restrained by grace, was dwelt upon, and, 
on the other hand, the blessings and peace 
which would flow to ourselves and those 
around us, if the tongue was brought under 
the restraining and constraining power of the 
Holy Spirit, which would make our words 
truly acceptable to our Heavenly Father. 
Also the importance of having our thoughts 
controlled by the same blessed influence. 
The need there was for us all to yield thereto, 
would be apparent, if we did but endeavor to 
recall the prevailing current of our thoughts, 
when left only for a short time to themselves. 
When our Heavenly Father has his rightful 
place in our hearts, we should find the 
thoughts which He would give us to be in- 
deed sweet and precious. His power to 
direct the mind to worthy objects, and re- 
strain its natural wanderings, was dwelt upon 
and that through his grace, all within us and 
belonging to us, may be subjected to his 
Holy will. Our friend I sham Cox, followed 
in a lively and impressive supplication, and 
the meeting closed well. We were driven to 
I sham Cox's to dine, and it was very pleas- 
ant to renew an acquaintance which had 
been begun in his visits from time to time 
among Philadelphia Friends. He has de- 
voted much of the energy and strength of his 
best days to the interests of the church in 
these parts, and the welfare of the commun- 
ity, and it was interesting to hear incident- 

(54) 



ally of a case of variance between two neigh- 
bors, in which upon a reference to arbitration 
being proposed, one of the parties replied 
rather caustically that he knew of one honest 
man in the county, and that was I sham Cox. 
After the meeting we went to T. W's for 
the night. He is an original and interesting 
character, possessing good qualities of mind 
and heart, under a rather rough exterior. 
He is strongly addicted to the use of tobacco 
and while deploring the bondage which he is 
under to this offensive habit, is probably 
correct in his belief that it is now too late to 
break off from it. His age is seventy-six, 
and he has been making a calculation that 
the cost of this indulgence from the age of 
twelve to the present time, with interest, 
has been about six thousand dollars. Ra- 
ther an alarming result. He told us too, as 
an interesting circumstance in connection 
with Spring Meeting, that about the year 
1800 it had become so reduced in its member- 
ship that but one man, John Carter, was left. 
He, however, continued to go to the meeting- 
house alone, as had been his wont, and on 
one occasion, felt called on to express a 
few words in the way of ministry. It so 
turned out, that two men who, seemingly 
out of curiosity, were standing outside the 
house, and wondering what could bring John 
Carter thus to come there alone, were so 
impressed with what they heard that they 
came again and in time joined Friends. This 
led to others uniting themselves in member- 
ship, and the meeting was again built up, 

(55) 



and is at this day a lively congregation. The 
reading of a chapter in Ephesians with some 
ministerial service, closed a very interesting 
day. 

"Twelfth Month 29th. — Toward noon we 
reached the Chowan, a fine broad stream, 
where we found a flat boat, worked by a wire 
rope swung from side to side. The boatman 
works his craft by pulling on the wire with 
rather an originafwooden contrivance where- 
by to save his hands, and by walking from 
end to end of his boat. Considering the 
motive power and a pretty good load, we 
made quite a quick passage. We soon 
found ourselves, however, in the midst of a 
swamp many miles in extent, where the 
cypress grows to a gigantic size and cane 
brakes and twining vines revel in wild luxu- 
riance. In summer-time we learned that 
snakes of venomous kinds abound, and mos- 
quitoes and stinging flies in all their varieties 
fill the air. We often splashed through long 
stretches of road under water, which at cer- 
tain seasons make it almost impassable. 
Toward noon, however, we got upon rather 
higher and firmer land, and halted near a 
group of buildings including a newly finished 
meeting-house, where we baited our team 
and nearly emptied a well-filled bag of eata- 
bles that our good friend had provided. 

"First Month 1st, 1880. — Taking a snug 
little car, we steamed away from the Roan- 
oke River, and after a short ride were set 
down at Magessa, where Abram Fisher met 
us on the platform with a hearty welcome, 

(56) 



though our coming was evidently unlooked 
for. A considerable clearing had skirted the 
railroad for some distance, and now we found 
the culture vastly improved, the stumps 
gone, neat pale fencing surrounded the gar- 
dens, while luxuriant fruit trees and vines 
and green grass made the modest homestead 
quite attractive. Indoors we found the 
wife and mother who had shared with Abram 
Fisher the varied experience of his eventful 
life, and is now rejoicing in the near compan- 
ionship of her goodly flock of three sons and 
six daughters. Two of the latter are mar- 
ried, one of them, living within sight of the 
paternal home and another at Dymond City, 
one and a half miles up the railroad, where 
are the extensive lumber mills, owned by a 
company of English capitalists, whose affairs 
here are under the management of Abram 
Fisher. The tract owned by them contains 
fifty thousand acres, which includes much 
valuable pine and cypress timber, for which 
a ready market is found in Baltimore and 
Philadelphia. Abram Fisher's own property 
contains five hundred acres with several 
dwelling houses. The soil is evidently of 
superior quality, and when reclaimed from 
the woods and swamps which originally 
covered it, has produced some excellent crops. 
Upon coming here about five years ago, he 
found most of it in a truly forbidding condi- 
tion, but the running of four miles of open 
drains judiciously located, and the gradual 
clearing of the ground from the timber, 
which both fallen and standing, had long; 

5 (57 ) 



encumbered it, have brought about marvel- 
lous results. Where not more than ten years 
ago the beaver plied his trade in peaceful 
security, good crops of corn were last year 
growing, and field after field is being brought 
under the skill and energy of man. Our 
kind host and his numerous family are all 
natives of the Emerald Isle, County Cork. 
Some years ago he engaged with a company 
who were interested in a land speculation in 
the Argentine Republic to take charge of 
their affairs there. There he resided with 
his family until 1874, when, owing to the 
unsettled condition of the Government and 
other circumstances, it seemed best for them 
to remove to the United States. A favora- 
ble opening occurring they settled in their 
present home early in 1875. Here they 
seem to have been prospered in many ways, 
and should life and health be spared, a few 
more years of thrift and industry will proba- 
bly find them enjoying the reward of their 
labors and surrounded by most of the com- 
forts which belong to older communities. 
It is the practice of the family to hold a re- 
ligious meeting in a building near by on 
First and Fifth-days, when their married 
children and such of the neighbors as incline 
to do so, join them. 

"9th. — One part of our route lay through 
the scene of a sanguinary engagement be- 
tween a division of Sherman's Army and a 
large force under General Johnson; the re- 
mains of a long line of breastworks are still 
to be seen built of felled trees and earth rude- 



(58) 



ly piled together. Much of the fighting had 
occurred in a thick forest through which we 
were traveling. As an illustration of the 
inconsistencies of war, our friend William 
Cox related that after the battle, fifty-two 
of the wounded rebels were carefully depos- 
ited at the house of a substantial farmer and 
one of the Union officers called the next day 
to let them know that the wounded men 
were needing assistance, saying to one of W. 
Cs daughters, 'perhaps your sweetheart is 
among them.' 'Nay,' replied the Quaker 
maiden, 'none of my friends follow such a 
business.' The Union troops seemed ready 
to vent their rage on citizens of all classes, 
threatening to burn the buildings of William 
Cox as they had already done to some of his 
neighbors; but several of the officers having 
already learned the peaceable character of 
our Friends, and received some kindness at 
their hands, a guard was posted upon the 
premises, with directions to protect them 
until the rear of the army had passed by. 
All of William Cox's horses and cattle had 
long ago been taken, but a Union officer 
urged one of the daughters to accept a good 
grey pony which he did not need, and some 
days after a stray mule stopped before his 
gate as though seeking a home. Knowing 
no owner for the animal, William Cox felt 
free to invite him in, and thus a very efficient 
team was put at his disposal in a manner 
little anticipated. He had been allowed to 
keep some bushels of corn by the military 
plunderers and a small quantity of flour, so 

(59) 



that they thankfully began the world again, 
better off than many of their neighbors. 
William said the season following the sur- 
render proved an exceptionally favorable 
one, and from his wheat fields which had 
been twice trampled over by the army, he 
gathered seventeen bushels of grain while 
all their other crops yielded abundantly. 
Another vivid picture he gave me of the 
dark days of slavery when on one occasion 
in 1835 or '6 a wretched company of one 
hundred and eighty negroes passed his door 
on their way to the Gulf States. First came 
some sturdy men with manacles clanking as 
they walked, then a promiscuous group of 
men and women, then a large wagon drawn 
by four horses and filled with wailing babes 
and children too young to travel, and bring- 
ing up the rear, a number of boys and girls 
footsore and crying for pain and weariness. 
At intervals among the melancholy throng, 
were wagons carrying the heartless slave- 
mongers, while others mounted with whip 
in hand rode beside or behind their human 
drove. One poor woman, who seemed to 
lag behind the rest was weeping bitterly, 
and upon William tenderly asking the cause, 
replied, she had left her dear husband behind 
and she should never see him again. In view 
of such accursed deeds, well might the cry 
go up from the friends of humanity, as well 
as the suffering Negro, ' How long, Oh Lord I 
how long! holy and just!' 

"After meeting we drove to the home of a 

(60) 



newly received member, but regret to find 
this so poorly adapted to the common com- 
forts of life. A frame structure of one-story 
containing only two rooms, with each a door 
for light, and without a solitary window, was 
the abode of our friend, his wife and six 
children. Fifty yards away was a rickety 
cabin of logs, where cooking, spinning, and 
weaving were carried on. With all the char- 
ity of which I was capable, the lack of proper 
provisions for the wants if not the decencies 
of life, could hardly be reconciled when we 
learned that our friend owned one thousand 
acres of good timber land and was in the way 
of raising four thousand pounds of cotton 
yearly. He seemed half ashamed of his 
shabby homestead and said he 'thought of 
getting himself into better fix,' in which we 
strongly encouraged him. The reading of a 
Bible chapter by the light of the pine-knot 
fire, and some remarks by my companion 
closed the evening. We betook ourselves 
to one of the beds, in the room we were in, 
the husband and wife crept into the other, 
while the children bestowed themselves we 
knew not where or how. As I laid me 
down I said in my heart, "truly here is room 
for mission work and the call is pressing." 



His diary kept in North Carolina has this 
record for First Month 13th, 1880: "This 
morning walked to the school near Golds- 
boro, taught by Louise Lee, who shows 
ability in her calling, and under the sancti- 
fying influence of Divine Grace, is calculated 

(61) 



for usefulness in many ways. I gave the 
children a talk, and while they were eating 
their dinners, entertained them with ac- 
counts of our Indian School at Tunessassa 
and Indians generally, which seemed to 
please them. We called on an aged woman 
who is said to be one hundred and three 
years old, very comfortably and kindly 
cared for, and in the enjoyment of gen- 
eral good health. She had walked a half a 
mile within a day or two, while her fac- 
ulties seem to be wonderfully clear and 
vigorous. 

" 15 th. — At Raleigh I soon found the John- 
son Colored School assisted by our 'Phila- 
delphia Freedman's Aid,' and introduced 
myself to Louise Dorr, the white principal, 
who with five colored helpers, has been for 
twelve years devoting herself to this excel- 
lent work. Finding she was instructing a 
class of young men in theology, I could 
scarcely decline her earnest request to meet 
them in the afternoon. After reading a 
chapter of Scripture by turns, they recited 
a lesson from 'Watson's Institutes/ a well- 
known Methodist work, designed to set 
forth the doctrinal views of that body, and 
on many if not most points, in a manner 
which might be accepted by other orthodox 
persuasions. The lesson over, my interest 
was awakened in the important calling in 
which they were about to enter. I spoke to 
them of its heavy responsibilities, as well as 
its blessedness, especially turning their at- 
tention to the origin of every right call to the 

(62) 



ministry, that while the sanction and unity 
of the church were eminently proper, the 
call is not of man, nor by man, and our high- 
est commission must ever come from the 
Head of the Church Himself. It is He who 
bestows gifts on whom He will, and appoints 
the special service. I trusted the young 
men before me could accept this view, and 
several of them reverently nodded their 
assent. If this be so, cannot we go further 
in realizing the truth of that declaration of 
our Saviour to his disciples of old, 'With- 
out Me ye can do nothing.' It is the quick- 
ening power of his own Holy Spirit we shall 
need in fitting us for our service, guiding us 
in it, and enabling us to reach the witness 
for truth in the hearts of others. When we 
remember the authority which must be ever 
accorded to the sacred volume, and that 
' it is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for 
correction, for instruction in righteousness 
that the man of God may be perfect, &c./ 
its pages must necessarily form a large part 
of the material from which the ambassador 
for Christ draws his supplies for the instruc- 
tion of his hearers. Of all books, it will 
most properly form a large part of his read- 
ing, and its teachings should continually 
occupy his thoughts. Holding as it does 
this important place, it is not strange that 
we gladly receive whatever light can be 
thrown upon its contents by writers of intel- 
ligence and piety. 

" I could but remind them of the words of 
our Lord to his disciples of old, 'freely ye 

(63) 



have received, freely give,' and seeing that 
He did thus liberally dispense of his Spirit- 
ual gifts, the preaching of the Gospel should 
be removed as much as possible from all 
mercenary considerations, and we should 
never regard it as a trade for money-making. 
I reminded them of the example of the great 
Apostle, who while laboring so abundantly 
in the cause of his divine Master, tells us 
that he wrought with his own hands, in order 
that 'he might not be chargeable to any.' 
They knew that their people are poor and 
can ill afford to pay large salaries to their 
pastors, while on the other hand I would 
have them remember that 'He is faithful 
who calleth us,' and that He will not let 
those want, who are heartily given up to his 
service. There is no warrant for the popu- 
lar view that women may not be called to 
the work of the ministry as well as men. I 
believe that great loss bad been long sus- 
tained by the Church through this error, and 
that the times call for the employment of 
every right agency in the promotion of truth 
and righteousness. That there is in the 
very nature of woman, a tenderness and 
winning power which when called into the 
Lord's service peculiarly fitted her for the 
gathering of souls to Christ. I desired, 
therefore, that they might lay aside the 
popular prejudice in which they might nat- 
urally share, and look carefully into this 
matter, which I felt sure was calling for a 
calm and just decision from the Church at 
large, whereby the powerful influence of the 

( 64) 



female mind and heart might find its full 
exercise in the work of the Lord. The whole 
interview was exceedingly interesting. Both 
the young men and their faithful teacher 
were very tender and seemed open to accept 
my remarks, while we parted in much Chris- 
tian love. 

"A visit in the evening was paid to the 
Methodist Church. I found my heart open- 
ed in much freedom to declare the fulness 
of Gospel blessing. Their attention was also 
called to the many evils growing out of 
looseness of private morals and licentious- 
ness in various shapes, reminding them that 
female virtue needed to be cherished and 
guarded, with a godly jealousy, if purity of 
life and the domestic virtues were to flourish 
among them. I remembered the unfavor- 
able influences to which their people had 
been so long subjected; I desired to make all 
due allowance for weakness and errors of this 
character, but we must not forget, with their 
changed condition come new duties and new 
responsibilities, as well as privileges and a 
relief from wrongs and outrages. When- 
ever a people is rising in intelligence, refine- 
ment and goodness, there we shall always 
find that the influence of virtuous women 
is increasingly felt and recognized and wom- 
an is honored and beloved as she ought to be. 

"Among others who wanted to shake 
hands was a bright young woman introduced 
as 'Sister Sallie Hughes, one of our local 
preachers;' her husband, a barber, keeping 
a shop in the basement. It had been given 

(65) 



her clearly to see that she was called to the 
public ministry of the Gospel; her husband 
was especially offended at her course. I 
asked her in what particular line she had 
found herself led, and learned that it was 
in the endeavor to awaken in the hearts of 
professors, the need of a closer walk with 
God. On my expressing gratification in the 
simplicity of her dress, she said all desire for 
adornment now seemed to have been taken 
from her and she had given up everything 
of the sort, unless it had been an ' engage- 
ment ring.' Then holding up her finger 
and regarding it with a somewhat wifely 
affection, she added, 'but if the Lord should 
call for that too, I can give it up freely for 
His sake/ Upon my remarking that I 
wished Christian women generally could be 
brought to see more clearly their duty in this 
matter, Sarah expressed the belief that it 
was claiming more serious attention than it 
once did. 

" It seemed right for me to call on Henry 
Hughes at his shop. I opened the case of 
his wife as gently as I could, and he must 
remember that one thing that made her so 
valuable to him was the love she bore to her 
Heavenly Father. He said he felt no objec- 
tion to Sarah teaching in a Sabbath School, 
but it was too exposing for a woman to speak 
to great crowds of people, and often of a 
rough sort. I admitted that preaching of 
woman was something new to many, but I 
had been used to it all my life, and had lis- 
tened to much excellent ministry from them. 

(66) 



Henry, as I proceeded, became more thought- 
fill and subdued, endeavoring to be recon- 
ciled to what was evidently no small trial, 
viewed from his own standpoint. 

" Raleigh, First Month 18th. 

"It was a satisfaction to find that four 
colored churches had agreed to forego their 
usual services and meet me at the Methodist 
building, five hundred people sitting or 
standing. I addressed them on the wide- 
spread evils of intemperance. The encour- 
aging case was referred to of the recent 
successful effort made by the citizens of 
Greensboro and its vicinity, to procure a 
prohibitory liquor law, for that district, and 
the statement made to me by a prominent 
white man, that had it not been for the 
strong efforts and support of the colored 
people the movement must have failed." 



Samuel Morris returned home in mid- 
winter, but in summer went to the South 
again accompanied by P. Dunn, Tennessee 
being their destination. 

" Seventh Month 27th. — With a good team 
and a light, open wagon we started with Dr. 
Garner and soon began to climb the Chil- 
howe Mountain, two thousand feet above 
sea level. From its summit a glorious view 
of the Cumberland range to the west and 
the Smoky Mountain about one hundred 
miles distant to the East, broke upon us. 
The Tennessee River winds between through 

(67) 



a valley two hundred and ten miles in length. 
The surface of this is varied by gentle slopes, 
belts of woodland, and patches of cultivation. 
A light haze toned down the coloring and 
gave to the whole a rare beauty. Descend- 
ing the mountain side we entered a quiet 
valley which received its name from an old 
trapper, Thomas Whitehead, better known 
by the alias of 'Tom Buckshanks/ When 
settling here some forty years ago, he found 
the wilderness well stocked with deer, bears 
and wild cats. Its thorough seclusion 
pleased his wild fancy, and so received from 
him the name of ' Happy Valley.' But the 
war with all its horrors came — Tom's free 
spirit never could brook the thought of the 
slave power becoming still more dominant, 
and he joined the first regiment that^was 
raised in Tennessee for the defense of the 
Union. During the latter periods of the 
war, he served as a scout, under General 
Grant. His vigorous health, however, be- 
gan to fail and he sought again the calm of 
the mountains. He had been a bold out- 
spoken man, as to his own views of right, 
but feared neither God nor man, was no- 
toriously profane and when under the effects 
of strong drink, was the terror of the neigh- 
borhood. In this condition Dr. Garner met 
with him in the course of his travels, and 
through his intercourse with Tom, new views 
of life and its responsibilities, broke upon 
his darkened mind. The Holy Spirit by his 
convicting power begot that godly sorrow 
which is not to be repented of and as he 

(68) 



yielded to its blessed influence, the 'old 
man with his deeds' came to be put off and 
the 'new man to be put on.' Upon his 
experiencing a change of heart, Dr. Garner 
supposed he would naturally incline to join 
the Methodist or Baptist congregations, 
but he urged so strongly that he could be 
nothing but a Quaker, that after the breth- 
ren had duly weighed the case, he was re- 
ceived into membership by the meeting at 
Maryville and now in his rough untutored 
way, he is endeavoring to further the good 
cause among his neighbors. We were made 
heartily welcome by Uncle Tom and his 
family, and it was proposed to collect the 
people this evening at the meeting and 
school-house. 

"The valley which ought to be a 'happy 
one/ we found was at present greatly agi- 
tated by the doings of one of those lawless 
characters known here as 'Moonshiners/ 
who had just been shot and injured in the 
attempt to arrest him by the son of our 
friend Tom Buckshanks, who is a Govern- 
ment officer. This gave the father great 
anxiety and he seemed able scarcely to eat 
or sleep through the struggle which was 
going on within, as to the part which it was 
right for himself to take in the matter. But 
the good Spirit was again evidently at work 
' subduing all things unto Himself 'and keep- 
ing the heart tender and impressible. Uncle 
Tom interested us greatly as one 'not far 
from the kingdom.' Our road to-day lay 
mainly along the valley of the Tennessee 

(69) 



and among scenery of surpassing beauty. 
We had left the limestone region and now 
found a slaty formation interspersed with 
sandstone. At one point we passed a beau- 
tiful variegated marble, black, red and white, 
which takes a fine polish, and is greatly 
admired. The flora was full of interest and 
combined in wild profusion the trees and 
plants of the Middle States with many pe- 
culiar to the South. The specimens of pine 
and tulip-poplar were often of great size. 
As strangers to us we found the hackberry, 
the cork elm, the cottonwood, the lime, tne 
laurel-oak, several varieties of magnolia, the 
mountain maple, the stuartia, the virgilia 
lutea or yellow wood, an exceedingly sensi- 
tive mimosa, which with a touch shrunk up 
quickly all its leaves; the wild pea grew 
often in great profusion, a fine variety of 
tecoma which clambered over the rocks 
intertwined with the muscadine grape, and 
the Virginia creeper, while we continually 
met with small but beautiful flowers which 
were quite new to us. The deep stillness 
was enlivened by the rare melody of the 
Carolina wren and the whistle of the Cardinal 
grosbeak. Had it been earlier in the season 
the woods would no doubt have rung again 
with their own wild music. Toward two 
o'clock we forded the Tennessee where it is 
a quarter of a mile wide, and soon reached 
Dick West's where our friend Joseph Potts 
boards, while the cabin in which he lives is 
perched on a bluff some fifty feet above. 
This is a neat little log structure about ten 

(70) 



by twelve feet, with two small windows 
looking up and across the river. The whole 
cost him about twelve dollars, including his 
own work, and affords him really comfort- 
able quarters. A good pony and saddle is 
enough for his longer journeys, and a strong 
homespun suit answers his simple require- 
ments as to clothing. Thus provided, he is 
laboring among the mountaineers within 
a district of some thirty miles around, and is 
no doubt very useful in his calling. He 
expresses himself fully satisfied as to being 
in his right place and no thought of loneli- 
ness or deprivation seems to depress him. 

" Maryville, Eighth Month 5th. 

"Toward 7.30 a company of well-dressed 
colored people gathered in the Institute 
founded by our friend Yardley Warner. It 
is a substantial brick structure costing thirty 
thousand dollars and a means of much good 
to the Freedmen. Daniel Drew is a recorded 
minister much esteemed by all classes, and 
a solid honest-hearted Friend, whose sym- 
pathies are said by no means to be with the 
unsettled element which is seeking in so 
many ways to draw or drive our people from 
their ancient moorings. A precious silence 
was soon reached, and I rose telling them 
how it had done my heart good to find my- 
self among an organized meeting of colored 
Friends, expressing our desire for their 
establishment upon the simple but unchange- 
able truth as it had been given to the founders 
of our religious Society." 

(71 ) 



The North Carolina Yearly Meeting met 
in Tennessee in the year 1880, and the Jour- 
nal of Samuel Morris continues: 



" Friendsville, Eighth Month 14th. 

" In the afternoon the report of the com- 
mittee on Peace was read. Daniel Hill, who 
is secretary of the Associated Peace Commit- 
tee of the Yearly Meetings on this Continent, 
spoke of their work during the past year in 
encouraging terms. Himelius Hockett and 
Thomas Hinshaw, who had been, with others 
of their fellow-members, forced into the 
Rebel army as conscripts, and were finally 
taken prisoners by the Union forces at the 
Battle of Gettysburg, related some of their 
experiences and sufferings, which were very 
impressive and instructive. Upon their 
refusing to bear arms, the commanding 
officer on one occasion ordered them to be 
kept without food or water until they should 
yield to his demands. They meekly told 
him they could not do this, let the conse- 
quences be what they might. If, however, 
it was his design they should be kept with- 
out food, it was right he should know that 
they had some bread and cheese in their 
knapsacks which they had brought from 
home, but they would willingly give these 
up if he said so. The officer was so impressed 
with their innocent integrity, that he was 
almost staggered at his own decision and 
said promptly they should keep their pro- 
visions, but hoped they would soon yield 

( 72 ) 



to the regulations of the army. The same 
officer long afterward, in speaking of the 
steadfastness of these Friends to their prin- 
ciples, declared he had never met with men 
so honest and true, and seemed to regret the 
part he had in their sufferings. After being 
kept for several days in close confinement, 
during which they were urged without avail 
to take other service apart from the regular 
army drill, the troops were ordered to march 
and they were again allowed food. They 
continued, however, to suffer much at the 
hands of cruel officers under whose control 
they fell from time to time. They main- 
tained throughout a faithful adherence to 
their convictions of duty as Christians, and 
had many remarkable deliverances to relate. 
They appeared deeply impressed with the 
great truth that 'the angel of the Lord 
encampeth round about them that fear 
Him/ and in his own good time and way 
'delivereth them.' 

" 1 6th. — Being invited to a stately home- 
stead of the olden time, whose owner was 
not a Friend, the conversation took a turn 
to the emancipation of the Negro, and our 
pretty hostess admitted it might be all for 
the best somehow, but with earnestness 
she added, " I only wish I had just one that 
I could call my own to wait on me as they 
used to do, and who would have to do just 
what I wanted." It was evident the old 
spirit was still alive among the quondam 
masters, and that the love of arbitrary power 
had not died out with the older generation. 

6 ( 73 ) 



The evening passed pleasantly away among 
this intelligent and hospitable family, and 
we took the train for Knoxville, where we 
arrived toward midnight, not however, until 
a heavy rain storm had gathered, quite 
flooding the country and swelling the 
streams. 

" At Knoxville we took the northern bound 
train, my companion and Anthony M. 
Kimber had found seats in the rear end of 
the car while Josiah Nicholson and myself 
had taken ours near the front. On the op- 
posite side were a mother and two little girls, 
and on the seat before me she had carefully 
laid her babe. The father of the family, as 
I last noticed him, was drawing water from 
the cooler, and I had just peeped over the 
seat in front of me to admire the quiet repose 
of the little innocent. I then composed my- 
self comfortably for what sleep might be had 
under the circumstances, while sweet peace 
and thankfulness for remembered mercies 
filled my heart. We were thus quietly mov- 
ing on, when a sudden jar was felt, with 
which the whole train quivered, and in 
another moment the car in which we were, 
plunged headlong into an abyss, we knew 
not whither. The lights were instantly 
extinguished and I found myself with face 
turned to the rear of the car, while feet and 
arm were so tightly wedged that it was with 
difficulty I disengaged the latter. The 
shrieks and groans and prayers of my com- 
rades, together with the utter darkness and 
the near sounds of rushing water, combined 

(74) 



to render our condition one of indescribable 
horror. I could feel myself resting upon a 
human body, that breathed heavily, but did 
not struggle, while I was powerless to move 
my own because of the accumulation of 
broken seats, baggage and what not that was 
piled about me. Though somewhat stunned 
by the shock, I soon rallied my senses suffi- 
ciently to comprehend in some measure the 
situation. Then in the midst of all its fright- 
fulness, there came to my heart as though 
brought by a Divine Messenger, the words 
of the Psalmist, 'Thou wilt keep him in 
perfect peace whose mind is staid on Thee, 
because he trusteth in Thee;' and then there 
stole over my soul such a sense of the near- 
ness of our Heavenly Father as I had rarely 
known before. All fear was taken away 
and in its stead came a consciousness that, 
'underneath were his own everlasting 
Arms.' I was then able to do what I could 
in quieting the poor terrified creatures about 
me, whose cries and groans were most dis- 
tressing, telling them I believed we should 
be helped out of our trouble, and that the 
worst was over. Very soon two men with 
lanterns appeared at the rear end of the car, 
which was elevated at an angle of about forty 
five degrees, and as one struggling passenger 
after another was loosened they made their 
way through the door and so reached the 
ground outside. When my turn came to be 
released, I did what I could to aid our kind 
hearted helpers, but growing faint through 
loss of blood, soon found I could do little but 

(75) 



rest on the debris and hold the lantern for 
them. As the next body to mine was 
reached, I saw the men exchange significant 
glances as they drew it forth and passed it 
quietly through a window to others outside. 
It was doubtless that one of the young girls 
already referred to, and on which probably 
I had been resting, whose life had been thus 
suddenly taken while mine was spared. 
The mother and other child seemed compara- 
tively unhurt and when the little one was 
reached, that a moment before had lain so 
peacefully by my side, the men exclaimed, 
* You dear little thing ! there is not a scratch 
on it!' The back of the seat had been 
turned like a roof over it and thus had com- 
pletely protected it from harm. Not so the 
poor father, who being at the extreme 
end of the car, had evidently been badly 
crushed, and his cries for help were most 
piteous. 

"The immediate cause of the catastrophe 
now appeared to be the swelling of the 
streams by the heavy rains of the previous 
evening, whereby the foundations of a cul- 
vert had been undermined, and although 
strong enough to carry over the engine, a 
baggage and a mail car, had finally broken 
through under the weight of the next in 
which we were, and which then fell into the 
chasm. The locomotive was a complete 
wreck. The cars before our own were over- 
turned and badly broken, while those fol- 
lowing were but little damaged. The en- 
gineer was very seriously injured by the 

(76) 



escaping steam, and he with the other 
wounded were taken to the sleeping-car in 
the rear, where we were cared for by a skil- 
ful German doctor who seemed well supplied 
with arnica, lint, etc. My own injuries 
were mainly bad bruises about the head, a 
tooth knocked out, and deep gashes in the 
face which needed to be stitched. These 
were very skilfully treated by the physicians, 
one of whom seemed to take an especial 
interest in us, saying he had obtained his 
medical education at the University of Penn- 
sylvania and could never forget the kindness 
he had received in Philadelphia. As he 
dressed my wounds and watched the suc- 
cessful progress of his treatment, he re- 
marked on one occasion, ' I think, Mr. Morris, 
you must be a man in perfect health, or you 
could never recover from such a shock, as 
you are doing.' It was evidently best for 
me to remain in bed, and the efforts of the 
doctors were admirably seconded by the 
good nursing of Jesse and Mary Jane Bundy, 
who had just reached Knoxville on their 
way home from the Yearly Meeting, and at 
once devoted themselves by day and night 
to my needs. Mary Jane's gentle touch 
seemed to act like a spell upon my bruises, 
while her faithful and intelligent care left 
nothing undone that could hasten the heal- 
ing process. I could but recall Scott's 
apostrophe: 

' Woman! that in our hours of ease 
Uncertain, coy and hard to please, 
When pain and anguish wring the brow, 
A ministering angel thou.' 
(77) 



" By the morning of the 20th, to the sur- 
prise of my good nurses and friends, I felt 
ready to resume our homeward journey, and 
parting in much love at Washington with 
my kind and faithful fellow-laborer, he took 
the New York train and I that for Philadel- 
phia which I reached in safety by the morn- 
ing of the 2 1 st. Taking an early breakfast 
at the Pennsylvania Railroad Depot, I 
made my way to the North Penna. cars, and 
reached Tabor Station comfortably. Thence 
I footed it to my own home, to be received 
with open arms by the dear ones there. 
Little thinking were they of seeing me thus 
and then, after all they had heard of the 
catastrophe; and indeed I was scarcely to 
be recognized, for what with stitches in the 
cheeks, swollen bruises about the forehead, 
and hair still matted with blood and dirt, 
I was a sorry sight. But home had been 
reached at last, and we were all ready to 
praise the Lord for his preserving care that 
had carried me through all my service for 
His dear cause, and would now have me to 
rejoice in His love and peace that were flow- 
ing like a river through my soul." . 



After his return my dear father's spirit 
was filled with joy, and in his prayers both 
in public and at home, his utterance over- 
flowed with praise and gratitude to our 
Heavenly Father, and fervent desires to be 
more wholly devoted to His service. Our 
daily mercies were pointed out by the text, 
"Bless the Lord, on my soul, etc., who for- 

( 7S ) 



giveth all thy iniquities, who healeth all thy 
diseases, who redeemeth thy life from de- 
struction," and that a right comprehension 
of all this, especially the forgiveness of our 
sins, should so dwell in our hearts as to keep 
them tender and thankful, not dejected; 
leading us to follow so gracious a Master. 
This may be done by small acts of service 
in our every-day life, acceptable to Him, 
without our aspiring to great deeds. 

The Year Book of Phillips Brooks was 
read aloud at the breakfast table by my 
father, and many passages he marked, — this 
among them : 

"The relation between preacher and con- 
gregation is one of the very highest pictures 
of human companionship that can be seen 
on earth. It has much of the intimacy of 
the family with something of the breadth 
and dignity which belong to the state. It 
is too sacred to be thought of as a contract. 
It is a union which God joins together for 
purposes worthy of His care. When it is 
worthily realized, who can say that it may 
not stretch beyond the line of death, and 
they who have been minister and people to 
each other here, be something holy and pe- 
culiar in the City of God forever." And 
so we find Samuel Morris ever ready in the 
upbuilding of the church, through its individ- 
ual members. A Friend once discussed 
with him the desirability of a committee of 
inquiry respecting clearness in the use of 
intoxicants as a beverage. His interlocutor 
was a member of such a committee and was 

(79) 



discouraged because of the indifference and 
delinquencies in total abstinence. As an 
instance of good resulting from such over- 
sight, my father told of being himself when 
young, on such a service, and on questioning 
a Friend, was surprised to hear him acknowl- 
edge remissness. He had joined a popular 
association of physicians in Philadelphia, 
and when liquor was handed at their social 
gatherings, the doctor drank with them for 
courtesy's sake. Samuel Morris pointed out 
to him in a brotherly way, the dangers and 
inconsistencies of such a course. His hearer 
sat silently for some time, then thanked him 
for his loving counsel and said, "Next year 
when the inquiry is made, I hope to report 
myself clear." It was a turning point in his 
life, for he became a more earnest Christian, 
and instead of being absorbed in the fashion- 
able circle of men, he proved to them on 
whose side he was, while still inspiring their 
respect and affection. 

Once, when on a jury, Samuel Morris af- 
firmed instead of taking the prescribed oath ; 
one of his companions asked his reason and 
followed his example. By the end of the 
week, nine out of twelve were also affirming, 
though they had previously sworn and would 
have continued to do so, had they not felt 
the force of the leader. As a member of the 
"Friends' Peace Association of America" 
Samuel Morris labored faithfully both with 
pen and voice to arouse his own Society, as 
well as other churches, to their possibilities 
in this direction, arguing that on them lies 

(80) 



the heavy responsibility for war, and in them 
rests the hope of its cessation. 

" Nor peace that grows by Lethe, scentless flower, 
There in white languors to decline and cease, 
But peace whose name is also rapture, power, 
Clear sight, and love; for these are parts of 
peace." 

And it was his endeavor to extinquish the 
cause of quarrels, to quench the first spark, 
whether individual or national, before it was 
fanned into the flame of war. 

Speaking of the mission of our Society, 
he said one day, " It is not so likely to grow 
by numbers, as by disseminating and quietly 
extending its views among other denomina- 
tions, and infusing into them more spiritual- 
ity. In order to effect this, we must our- 
selves keep pace with the education and 
culture of those around us." 

A paper was prepared by him for the 
"Home Culture Society" among Friends. 
At Westtown, to the teachers, he read aloud 
his views on the "Inner Light," while, "A 
Word to Honest Seekers" was a pamphlet 
he wrote for the public. A lengthy letter 
too we find from him to a clergyman of 
another denomination, explaining Friends' 
views on the Sacrament and the rite of Bap- 
tism. While reading the life of Frances R. 
Havergal one evening, I asked, why such 
excellent people as she, should hold music 
as a divinely appointed gift and evidently 
use it to God's glory, when with Friends it 
is regarded as hurtful to their best life. My 
father's wise reply was as follows, that owing 

(81 ) 



to education we have been taught to see 
deeper than many other Christians, and are 
therefore responsible for belonging to such 
a society, and should uphold its doctrines, 
conforming to its government, even if we 
cannot see with it in minor matters; that he 
himself could not agree with it in a few 
things, yet in cardinal points he was con- 
vinced, and therefore yielded to smaller. In 
such a system of individual liberty as ours, 
we might run into Ranterism were it not for 
Government. As to F. R. Havergal's life, 
she was not taught to question music as a 
religious help, and she doubtless did a good 
work in the Episcopal Church by her dedica- 
tion to Christ, but because she was called to 
labor thus, is no reason why we should con- 
form to her way of thinking, but seeing the 
dangers to which church music leads, we 
should avoid it, though striving to find the 
good in different branches of the church, and 
not dwelling too much on points of difference. 
Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress was always 
a favorite, and an illustrated copy would 
claim his attention for hours. One evening, 
picking up the volume casually, my father 
began to read of the death of Christiana and 
his voice faltered, the tears came to his eyes, 
as he continued the account of her compan- 
ions and their passage across the River; and 
yet he once said to me, " I am ashamed be- 
cause I cannot shed tears when feeling most 
intensely/' thus proving that the reading of 
pathos oft-times will cause the eyes to over- 
flow, when actual grief lies too deep for this. 

( 82) 



In a letter written to his wife, he refers to 
the death of his oldest son, Luke Wistar 
Morris, a fine lad of sixteen. 

Sixth Month, 1877. 

"Again my tenderest recollections were 
awakened as I followed thee, my dearest, 
through the sad experiences of a summer 
now three years gone by, the home-bringing 
(from Westtown), the hopes and the fears, 
the steady but sure grasp of disease as it 
weakened and wasted the frame of our pa- 
tient sufferer, and then the final stroke! 
How closely all must be ever connected in 
our memories as marking perhaps the sad- 
dest period of our lives. Yet on the other 
hand can we ever forget the loving kindness 
which followed us in our sorrow, with the 
precious assurance that He who was thus 
dealing with us, in the mysterious dispensa- 
tions of His Providence was nigh to heal and 
to bless?" 

Again we copy a marked passage of Phil- 
lips Brooks: "The joy and ever reaching 
delight of the minister's work, is in finding 
how deep this human soul to which his Lord 
has sent him, really is." 

" The door of thy great life stood wide, and o'er 
The threshold leaned thy eager soul, aglow 
With that warm hope the apostles used to know. 
With that strong faith the prophets preached of 

yore. 
O glorious soul! how many lips shall bless 
That faithfulness, that wealth of hopefulness 
That like God's sun persisted in its cheer, 

( 83 ) 



Gorged at such heat, thy swift word struck the 

ear, 
To pierce men's souls, which finding day still 

shine, 
Rose and unbarred their lives to Life divine." 

After one of my father's sermons, I re- 
minded him of an expression it contained 
that he was grieved whenever he heard 
others say, that the gospel of Jesus was not 
suited to the common people. This led me 
to ask why Friends did not make more effort 
to spread their doctrines. He replied that 
he hoped the time would come when they 
would be strong enough to do so, but it must 
be by first believing in and practicing their 
high and distinctive views; that while our 
church government and mode of worship 
might not be adapted to the masses, yet we 
must not descend as do the Roman Catholics 
to popularize and corrupt our teaching in 
order to gain converts. 

"Throughout the civilized world there is 
a vast amount of unbelief and infidelity; 
those holding these doctrines, ridicule and 
scorn the inconsistencies of the Christian 
church, and yet the views of Friends are 
recognized by them, as purer, and more in 
accord with the Bible. Thus we may gain 
many such doubting hearts and our mission 
will not be unfulfilled; our lives will be a 
constant evidence that there is a reality and 
sufficiency in the Gospel, while many will 
own that "it is God that worketh in us." 

In a long drive with a stone-mason, Sam- 
uel Morris soon learned that the man was an 
unbeliever and a fatalist, yet said he was a 

(84) 



student of human nature. My father told 
him of genuine conversions he had known, 
of his maternal uncle, Wm. Perot, who, as a 
member of the Prison Society of Philadel- 
phia visited the Penitentiary, seeking to aid 
and counsel the inmates. On one occasion 
the warden spoke of a murderer who was 
most violent and dangerous, so that no one 
dared approach him. Wm. Perot felt such 
pity, that he insisted on risking his life, by 
going alone to the cell of this man saying 
that he came as a brother who had need of 
the same Divine mercy. The fury of the 
prisoner was changed to penitence, so that 
he listened to the message of his visitor, and 
all in the building were amazed at his conver- 
sion. His chains were taken off and he 
served his sentence for many years faithfully. 
At his release, he went to a Western city to 
fill a position in a prison as instructor. 

Such miracles- of grace sustained to their 
journey's end, prove the Divine power as 
strong to save as ever it was. Then Samuel 
Morris dwelt on Stephen Grellet's wonderful 
life, which made an impression on the stone- 
mason's mind, and he gladly received a copy 
of the book. 



(85) 



In preparing for his journey to Friends in 
Great Britain and on the Continent of Eu- 
rope, my dear father had numerous letters 
of encouragement from both sides of the sea. 
Visits too, had been many the week before 
his sailing. And when Samuel Emlen came, 
the conversation turned to the attitude of 
Philadelphia, past and present, in its Yearly 
Meeting. Father said that many years ago, 
Joseph Snowden had addressed him thus — 
"I have had a part to take in the church 
which has made me a one-sided character, 
a man of blood, in contending constantly for 
the Truth (referring to the separation of 
1827). I am like David, who though he 
desired to build a temple to the Lord, was 
not permitted to do so, but his son was 
commissioned for this work. Thus I trust, 
my dear young Friend, that thou and others 
may restore the waste places in Zion and 
that you may live to see peace and love 
multiply." 

In the retrospect of his foreign journeys, 
Samuel Morris therefore said, "I have en- 
deavored to bring about a right feeling by 
allowing myself to be a living epistle going 
on Gospel service to England and her Col- 
onies." 

Sailing from New York, my father had 
a quiet and uneventful voyage. From his 
Journal we quote: 

"Fifth Month 6th, 1889.— In my private 
retirement this morning, upon committing 
afresh my loved ones to the tender care of 
the Shepherd of Israel, there was graciously 

(86) 



granted such a sense of the prayer being an- 
swered, that my whole soul was broken in 
gratitude and praise. Let me not forget 
this signal favor in the days to come. 

" 1 1 th. — The morning broke calm and fair. 
We much enjoyed our chairs in the sunshine, 
the outlook upon the placid sea with the 
gulls flapping lazily by, and an occasional 
sail coming or going in the distance. The 
scene, as well as our mood, was admirably 
suited for the reading by dear Thomas Cope 
of a beautiful selection from an ode of Words- 
worth, which had been read by his beloved 
daughter Mary, this day three years ago, 
when they were together here. The hal- 
lowed memories which were thus revived 
scarcely allowed the heart-stricken father to 
give utterance to the words, while they never 
seemed to me so full of spiritual depth and 
beauty. We shall love to remember the 
hour and the scene." 

"Arriving at Liverpool we drove to the 
Adelphi Hotel and had a call from Dr. Thorp, 
J. B. Braithwaite and George Cooke. Al- 
most the only thing to remind us that it was 
First-day was the quiet of the streets, and 
on arriving at Dr. Thorp's it was most re- 
freshing to find ourselves under a Friend's 
roof, where his lovely wife Anne and three 
rosy-faced little ones made us welcome. 

" 14th. — Took the morning train for May- 
field, Derbyshire, the residence of F. and 
J. Simpson, engaged in the manufacturing 
of spinning thread from Egyptian cotton. 
We took a stroll by winding ways to a neigh- 

(87) 



boring farmstead ; while in the distance we 
were shown the cottage where Tom Moore 
lived for a time, where his Lallah Rookh was 
written and his sweet lines, the 'Evening 
Bells/ suggested by the spire and its chime 
at Ashbourne. Rows of neat and tastefully 
built houses for the operatives pleased us 
much, while the well-kept plots and flower 
beds without and the tidy air within doors 
showed that the interest of their employers 
in their welfare and comfort is appreciated. 

" 1 6th. — We found on the train Lucy Spen- 
cer, now in her ninety-second year, whose 
sweet countenance and plain dress at once 
drew our attention. We learned that near 
her eightieth year she came out in the min- 
istry, and is still frequently engaged in her 
gift, greatly to the comfort and edification of 
the church. Had we not met with her she 
had expected to go quite alone, for, as she 
said, 'I've nothing to be afraid of,' and 
with firm step and erect carriage, she moved 
along as though she had been forty years 
younger. 

" London, Fifth Month 17th, 1889. 

"Reached our quarters, 27 Craven Street, 
near the Strand toward 9 o'clock, and I was 
impressed by the imposing grandeur of the 
buildings which we met at every turn, the 
throngs which filled the thoroughfares, and 
yet the good order and comparative ease 
with which they moved in ceaseless action 
to and fro, suggesting Bonar's apt illustra- 
tion, 'The Tides of the Human Sea.' Nor 
was it all nearly so bewildering as I had im- 

(88) 



agined, but I soon realized myself to be a 
part of the moving mass, with a place and 
purpose of my own and that there was room 
for all, by each simply minding his own busi- 
ness. 

"Long lines of the military were going 
through their drill to the sound of stirring 
music, and the precision with which they 
moved was something marvellous. But as 
their brilliant trappings glittered in the sun 
and the fine brass band thrilled the air with 
its notes, I could but feel that this is war in 
holiday attire, and this but one of the meth- 
ods, which, by its pomp and circumstance, 
war has long employed in strengthening its 
hold upon the world. Waterloo, Austerlitz 
and the Crimea could present a very different 
picture, and show how dearly England had 
bought her military glory. 

"19th. — To Westminster Meeting. J. B. 
Braithwaite spoke briefly but excellently, 
and I had some service upon the Psalmist's 
words, ' My soul, wait thou only upon God, 
for my expectation is from Him.' Then 
we dined with J. B. B. A refreshing rest 
followed, and later a Bible reading with him- 
self and his daughter Rachel, on which the 
former commented in a very interesting 
manner. We had also a sweet call on Mar- 
tha, his wife, in her own room; her gentle, 
loving spirit is most attractive, while grace 
shines through all unimstakably. 

"21 st. — Two sittings of the Yearly Meeting 
were held to-day for ministry and oversight, 
our Certificates were presented and drew 

7 (89) 



forth expression of satisfaction. I was led 
to dwell on the importance of maintaining 
the proper relation between Meetings for 
Worship and Ministers who might be called 
to take part in them; that with our views 
upon the subject, the minister should not 
suppose that his position placed him above 
his brethren, or that to him was committed 
the authority for conducting the services of 
the meeting; but that he took his place 
among the company as one with them in the 
solemn engagement for which they had come 
together, himself a worshipper as well as 
they. In thus sitting where the people sit 
and brought into sympathy with them, he 
will be prepared to receive a message, if that 
be the Divine will, to which the witness for 
Truth in their own hearts would respond. 
Or should the spirit of prayer cover the as- 
sembly, the minister will be no less quick to 
perceive it ; and if called to offer a vocal peti- 
tion on their behalf, this too will be in unison 
with the secret exercise of others and we may 
well believe will reach the Mercy Seat. Thus 
all will be refreshed together, and the Lord's 
name exalted. 

"In the afternoon a Memorial of John 
Bright was read, brief but full; several 
Friends added their remembrances of inci- 
dents in his life, and various illustrations 
were given of his devotion to a sense of duty, 
as well as the unostentatious piety which 
underlaid his character and influenced both 
his public and private life. He mostly at- 
tended Westminster Meeting when in Lon- 

(90) 



don, where his devout attitude as a worship- 
per was very noticeable, not infrequently 
giving evidence of the tenderness of his 
spirit. 

" The essay for the General Epistle was 
brought in and proved to be a weighty docu- 
ment which met with very general accept- 
ance. The meeting now settled under a 
solemn covering, during which several peti- 
tions were offered with thanksgiving for the 
favors which had been granted during the 
several sittings of the Yearly Meeting. I 
too was drawn to supplicate the Shepherd of 
Israel on behalf of His Church and people, 
that they might be brought into that full 
accordance with His blessed will and govern- 
ment, whereby everything which now mars 
her brightness and her power might be 
purged away; that He would take unto Him- 
self indeed His 'own great power, and reign.' 
The meeting again settled into solemn si- 
lence and thus closed a very important Year- 
ly Meeting, during which it seems to us there 
has been some gain for the cause of Truth. 
" Toward evening Edwin R. Ransome called 
to take us to Wandsworth Common, where 
we were received most kindly by his wife, 
and daughters brought up in habits of in- 
dustry and usefulness, while in the arrange- 
ments of the home there had evidently been 
much care on the part of the parents to 
make it one of innocent happiness and love. 

" Sixth Month 6th. — Having crossed the 
North Sea we reached Stavanger, in Norway, 
at three o'clock in the morning. Here Peter 

( 91 ) 



Fugelli and Carl Nieman had been patiently 
waiting with their little ponies and wagons 
to take us to our quarters in the Friends' 
'Skole Hus.' But what a panorama of 
beauty now enveloped us ! The fjord wound 
its way to east and west with varying width 
and bestud with islands and bare rocks, 
while range behind range of mountains from 
two thousand to five thousand feet high rose 
in charming confusion. The quaint little 
town sprung from the waters' edge, and 
crooked streets wound round the hills or 
climbed up steep rocky heights at grades 
which to Philadelphian eyes looked utterly 
impracticable. But along these the neat 
and often pretty little homes of the people 
had been set where the great bald rocks 
would let them ; and here the town had stood 
for near one thousand years and has grown 
to a population of twenty-five thousand. 
The houses with their red-tile roofs and va- 
ried colors seemed strikingly in harmony 
with the picturesque scenery about them, 
and only added the charm of human life to 
the quiet grandeur of nature. 

"At the 'Skole Hus' we found most com- 
fortable quarters; the boarding department 
of the school being suspended for the sum- 
mer months left that part of the building 
free for the use of our party, and our good 
Friends Walter and Louisa Morice had pro- 
vided liberally for our accommodation as to 
food and lodging. (These two Friends had 
accompanied S. M. from England and had also 
traveled with him and T. P. C. in Canada.) 

(92) 



"8th. — The day for Yearly Meeting. The 
good people from the country had begun to 
arrive last evening, a number of them 
finding lodgings in the loft over our quarters 
where the children sleep during the school 
term. They mostly brought their scanty 
wardrobe and provisions in bags and tin 
boxes slung over their shoulders. Probably 
eighty were present. The meeting opened 
with a time for worship, during which most 
of our company were engaged in service. 
Our certificates were read, also the minutes 
of the two months' meetings. 

" 17th. — Visited two leper hospitals in Ber- 
gen, where we saw a number of heart sicken- 
ing cases of that loathsome and hopeless 
malady. We were glad to see how good 
were the accommodations thus provided by 
the State. They contain four hundred in- 
mates including both sexes and all ages. 
It is regarded as incurable. One poor man, 
now twenty-eight, said that he had been 
brought to the hospital when he was three 
years old. Leprosy seems to be quite preva- 
lent in Scandinavia and may be in some 
measure attributed to lack of vegetable diet. 

" Passing up the coast we were again de- 
lighted with a wonderful display of bold and 
broken cliffs and mountain heights often 
white with snow or capped by clouds. Quite 
a number of the dear people among whom 
we have been laboring were gathered at the 
pier to bid us a last 'farvell.' We left 
Christiansand amidst the waving of hats and 
kerchiefs, feeling that we were parting 

(93) 



with many whom we could wish God-speed 
in their heavenward journey. The day was 
bright and balmy, and we rode most peace- 
fully on through the pretty islands until the 
boat halted near a little hamlet, where our 
party for Stavanger were to take carioles, 
while the two brethren were to continue their 
voyage. We shall greatly miss dear Walter 
Morice in many ways, for he has by his kind- 
liness of heart and manner, his great good 
sense and executive ability as well as by his 
thorough knowledge of Norsk, admirably 
supplied our needs as guide and counsellor 
in our movements. At the same time the 
gifts and graces of the Spirit have been be- 
stowed upon him in such measure as to make 
him eminently serviceable in just such a 
work as that in which we have been en- 
gaged." 

A denomination known as ' Free Mission 
Brethren - scattered throughout Norway, 
claimed much interest from Samuel Morris, 
and in his various meetings with them, 
sweet unity on both sides was felt. The 
Journal continues: 

" 27th. — As the hour for leaving our moor- 
ings drew near, we were agreeably surprised 
to see one after another of our Mission 
brethren and sisters mount the deck, till 
they numbered perhaps fourteen or fifteen, 
all greeting us again most warmly. The 
younger women seemed especially cordial, 
and one of them, with whose sweet, thought- 
ful face we had grown familiar at the meet- 
ings, modestly put in the hands of Thomas 

(94) 



Cope, Louisa M. and my own an envelope 
containing a card with a small spray of 
pressed flowers on one side, and on the other 
a few lines in Norsk. Mine, freely rendered, 
would read thus: — 'Eternal love spreads 
her wings over the whole face of the Earth 
and leads all mankind to one faith and one 
hope.' This little farewell demonstration 
was the more grateful because so spontan- 
eous on the part of our visitors. 

" Seventh Month 3rd. — Taking the William 
Tanner, a clever boat that would carry a sail 
and had been provided through the liber- 
ality of English Friends, we started for Idso. 
Here we found the men in the midst of their 
mowing and haymaking, but there was little 
time to spare. When all had come together 
those who had small families to bring up, 
were reminded of their responsibilities and 
yet encouraged to seek for wisdom and 
strength which they would need from Him 
Who is the ' Giver of every good and perfect 
gift/ and it would be given them. Our 
meeting ended in prayer for a blessing on 
us all. 

"The home of our friend Torbien Tvedt 
was among the humblest ; a doorway through 
which we had to stoop, and within ceilings 
under parts of which Thomas Cope could 
not stand upright, showed the scantiness of 
the proportions. But it only required a 
glance at the good man of the house to see 
humbleness of mind, honesty of purpose and 
kindliness of heart — showing out through 
his face ; or at the daughter to see repeated, 

(95) 



in a very attractive manner, the father's 
graces. Though neither could understand 
our tongue, nor we theirs, we felt at once at 
home with them. The son, a very pleasing 
man of perhaps thirty, had been to Iowa, 
where he had seen the goodliness of the land 
and learned English, so as to speak it with 
entire ease. He had hoped to persuade his 
father to return with him to America, but 
failing in this was for the present helping 
in the management of the paternal home- 
stead. The good daughter soon had the 
table spread; in the center a tub of 'Melke 
Koler' which was supplemented by some 
of our provisions, and we made a hearty 
meal. This over, boards were brought in 
and arranged for a meeting to which the 
neighbors had been invited, and soon the 
little room was almost filled to its capacity 
with good faced men, women and little ones. 
A very precious sense of Divine love and 
care deeply impressed me while I was no 
less conscious that this found a response in 
the hearts of my hearers. The gentle Kris- 
tina thanked ' the Lord for the good words 
He had sent her this day' and mid many 
'taks' and 'far-veils' we wound our way 
down the rocky pass to the William Tanner. 
Our stout oarsmen did their part well, and 
we reached the Skule-Hus safely. 

" 5th. — We had been invited to be present 
at the closing exercises, and my dear com- 
panion had arranged for a little 'feste' 
when these were over. So, when the records 
for lessons and conduct during the term had 

(96) 



been read out and we had heard some sam- 
ples of reading, arithmetic, etc., the master 
invited his visitors to test the knowledge of 
his pupils by questions in various branches. 
This brought out a degree of proficiency for 
which we were scarcely prepared, while their 
bright eyes and ready responses showed an 
amount of native intelligence that would 
have done credit to any school of the same 
number and years. We could commend 
both them and their teachers for the good 
results of their work; and then the cakes 
were handed round at the desks with a cup 
of chocolate for each, which is accounted a 
rare treat in Norway and appears only at 
great entertainments. Thus the 'com- 
mencement' closed to the satisfaction of all 
concerned, and our fellow-laborers with our- 
selves went to take tea by invitation with 
our good friend Marie Jenson and her son 
Jon. 

" We had been feasting our eyes for hours 
upon the grand mountain peaks as they 
multiplied about us, but we were to have a 
new phase of beauty when the declining sun 
— i. e. about ten o'clock — threw over them 
a tint of indescribable coloring which so 
fascinated us that we could not turn indoors 
till ' 'twas gone and all was gray.' 

Another day of cloudless sky is over the 
landscape, and we have been studying the 
geography of the mountains sufficiently to 
learn that their heights vary from five thou- 
sand to eight thousand feet: and instead of 
a connected range as they appear to our un- 

( 97 ) 



practised eye, spaces of seventy to eighty- 
miles may divide them. Thus they are 
rather detached peaks, scattered over a wide 
extent of country, but of proportions so 
vast and so disposed as to prove quite de- 
ceptive. Here I read aloud the first canto 
of 'Evangeline/ in which our Longfellow 
so admirably describes, in his picture of 
Acadian life at Grand Pre, that of the simple 
hearted and contented people among whom 
we have been dwelling. 

"The steamer which we were to take be- 
tween ten and eleven o'clock, p. m. for Bergen 
did not reach this port till past twelve, so 
we could watch the sun-set fade and the 
dawn break, by simply a blending of light 
from the east and west which did not allow 
the stars to show themselves. 

"2 1 st. — A little after midnight we again 
took a steamer for Frederickshaven, Den- 
mark, a night upon the Skagerack, during 
the early part of which the sailing was ex- 
ceedingly uncomfortable with a chopping 
sea. At 5.30 p. m. we left by rail for Hjor- 
ring. This is an ancient place, and we were 
impressed with its thoroughly foreign air. 
The buildings, seldom more than one-story, 
were mostly of stone or brick; streets of 
varying width, though cleanly. Here we 
found the stork more than domesticated,, 
being tenderly regarded by the people as 
bringing good-fortune to the house upon 
which he builds his nest. On many a 
housetop, therefore, a great basket was care- 
fully fastened, where this strange bird was 

(98) 



tending his fledglings of which he seldom 
rears more than two. These it is said re- 
main on the nest till the time for migrating 
in the autumn. Then the parents push 
overboard the little ones, who are expected 
by that time to be ready for their flight 
southward. Should they be crippled in the 
fall, or unable to fly, the weaklings are 
promptly killed by the old birds, as unworthy 
of further care. Their habits are most sin- 
gular, often standing motionless on one leg 
as in deep meditation, or stalking in a digni- 
fied manner, through the streets, and then 
gathering up their troublesome legs, they 
soar away to their nests, or the marshes 
where they find the frogs and snakes that 
constitute much of their food. Among the 
popular superstitions regarding the stork, 
is the belief that his presence secures chil- 
dren for the home where he builds ; so many 
tender stories are afloat among the mothers 
and little ones confirming this tradition. 

" The country through which we passed is 
singularly in contrast with that we have just 
left, consisting of wide stretching plains or 
gentle slopes almost bare of trees excepting 
where they have been planted about the 
low-roofed buildings to break the force of 
the winds, which in Winter are fierce and 
harsh. The soil of Denmark though thin 
is light and easily tilled, and as a consequence 
the Danes have become a strongly agricul- 
tural people. They raise large crops of rye, 
barley and oats; have a superior stock of 
cattle and horses, also geese and fowls; 

( 99 ) 

LOfCi 



while they find ready markets for their sur- 
plus products in Norway and Great Britain. 
The farms are often very extensive, one of 
which we were told has a herd of two hun- 
dred and fifty cows. Fences are scarcely 
used, but the animals are tethered in the 
fields and moved frequently by men or boys, 
whose business it is to tend them. Sheep 
are tethered in pairs, and so are geese. All 
are well cared for in Winter in large, but low 
buildings, and we are told it is common to 
cover the cows in the fields with blankets in 
wintry weather. Excellent butter is ex- 
ported in large quantity to England, where 
we understand from our English friends it 
commands the highest prices. Wind-mills 
in all directions are a striking feature in 
Danish scenery and are very picturesque 
objects. Walter Morice was reminded of 
an old saying of the country, 'What is so 
busy as a Danish Mill?' 

"Aalborg is an ancient town, many of the 
buildings being exceedingly quaint and even 
grotesque in their style and intended adorn- 
ments. One bears the date carved in wood, 
of 1 518, thus carrying one back in thought 
nearly to the discovery of our Continent by 
Columbus. Another quite pretentious edi- 
fice is said to have been built about a century 
later by a wealthy citizen who desired to 
found a Home for those who had seen better 
days, but through reverses had become de- 
pendent upon others. His father remon- 
strated with him on the folly of thus spend- 
ing the money for strangers which he might 

( 100) 



some day need himself. To this he replied: 
' Then there will be a place where somebody 
will take care of me.' Time passed on, 
adversity overtook him, and the story is that 
he did end his days in the Institution which 
his own benevolence had founded. A bridge 
constructed of forty-eight boats strongly 
anchored and containing a 'draw' for pass- 
ing ships, connects the town with the oppo- 
site side of the Sound and cost nearly one 
hundred and sixty thousand dollars. Among 
the public institutions are several banks, 
a savings fund and a museum. A pleasant 
park is a great boon to the people, whose 
homes are often very crowded, and set upon 
narrow and crooked streets. There is, how- 
ever, throughout an air of neatness, and old 
as are many of the buildings, they are kept 
in careful repair. The population is nine- 
teen thousand. Before dinner we called on 
J. Holm, a tailor whose wife is a Friend, and 
on Gustav Guldbransen and his family, con- 
sisting of a wife and several bright little 
children. An orphan girl whose mother 
was a Friend, makes her home with them. 
She had been to a school in England for a 
short time, and speaks English well. Besides 
helping in the family she is assistant teacher 
in the little Friends' school here. Gustav 
Guldbransen is a maker of scales, and has 
obtained a patent for one of his inventions. 
A little testimony as to the happiness which 
is the portion of those in whose hearts 
Divine love has found an entrance, and 
some words of encouragement and comfort 

( 101) 



for the orphan, were, I trust, not unsea- 
sonable. 

"25th. — Took a train for another town 
where live C. and J., the one a coach-maker, 
the other a small land-holder. The former 
is evidently a man of excellent spirit, and has 
earnestly endeavored to heal the breaches of 
unity which have of late disturbed the breth- 
ren here. He told us that he and his neigh- 
bor had recently been talking over these, 
but the latter could see no way for lessening 
their troubles, until some who had offended 
him would ask his forgiveness. C. replied 
that it is needful we should be ready to for- 
give our enemies, even while they may be 
bitter against us. They spent, he said, two 
hours in earnest talk; and then both being 
convinced that, if they were to be brought 
into a proper spirit themselves, or the trou- 
bles in the meeting were to be cured, they 
must have God's help, they knelt down 
together and prayed earnestly that He would 
bring about such a change of heart in all 
concerned, that the cause of their troubles 
might be removed, and harmony once more 
restored. He added that they both felt 
more comfortable ever since. We had pleas- 
ant visits at both houses, and the two men 
accompanied us to the returning train. At 
Aalborg the meeting for worship was held 
on First-day, and the two rooms nearly 
filled. 



(102) 



" Denmark, Seventh Month 29th, 1889. 

"A company of about forty persons, in- 
cluding the English and American visitors, 
gathered in the meeting-room at Aalborg, 
and after prayer by more than one, the clerk 
Hans Guildbransen opened the Yearly 
Meeting; an opportunity offering, I made 
some remarks upon the law of love, which 
our blessed Saviour had left for the govern- 
ment of his Church. This necessarily led 
to sympathy one for another, to a willing- 
ness to bear much and give up much for the 
good of all, to great patience and brotherly 
kindness; only One, I reminded them, was 
to be master among His disciples, even Christ, 
and all they were to be brethren in Him. 
'He is not divided/ and 'God is not the 
author of confusion but peace, as in all the 
Churches of the Saints.' 

" We wanted them to realize that, repre- 
senting as they do the principles of Friends 
in Denmark, there is before them a field for 
-great usefulness in upholding and spreading 
the news upon many important subjects 
which we profess. Many thoughtful and 
godly people among other religious bodies 
are dissatisfied with the doctrines which 
they have been taught and are asking for 
a better way than they have yet found. 
This should encourage us, therefore, to seek 
for strength and grace to do our part in put- 
ting before them in a forcible manner, those 
gospel truths which have been given us to 
uphold. After more than five hours the 
meeting closed. All seemed to feel less 

(103 ) 



burdened with anxieties as to the future of 
their little meeting, than when we came 
amongst them, and some were evidently 
rejoiced that the right course had been tak- 
en. We called on a widow living alone in 
a room six by twelve feet, one end contain- 
ing a bed screened by a curtain. A little 
oil stove was preparing her scanty noon-day 
meal. In one of the windows were candies, 
spools and other notions for sale, while on 
trie table were sewing materials and unfin- 
ished work; a few chairs and a small stove 
for wood when needed, completed the fur- 
niture. But the happy face, filled with 
cheerful contentment and love for all around 
her, was most refreshing to look upon. Nor 
were we surprised to find under all, love 
to her Heavenly Father and thankfulness 
for his goodness and watchful care, holding 
a large place in her heart. 

" Took the train for Veile, a very pretty 
town, surrounded by a rolling country, with 
our good young friend, Kristina as inter- 
preter. We called on the widow Svensen 
and her four daughters, dressmakers, busily 
engaged in managing their work and store. 
The only son Julius had been notified of his 
call for military service, though he had con- 
scientious objections: thus we continually 
meet with illustrations of the working of a 
system which imposes upon the people bur- 
dens and a bondage which bear grievously 
upon them. We called also upon Christian 
Madsen, a maker of wooden shoes, at his 

( 104 ) 



shop, and his wife Trina, at their home under 
the same roof as the Friends' meeting-room. 

Eighth Month 2nd. At Copenhagen we 
were met very kindly by the wife and daugh- 
ter of Christian Hansen, a Lutheran family, 
with whom W. and L. Morice had become 
pleasantly acquainted during their long stay 
in Denmark. They took us a delightful 
drive through the ' King's Grounds,' a tract 
fourteen miles in circumference. On this 
is one of the palaces of King Christian IX, 
approached by an avenue of lindens. At 
one point we met two gentlemen, one of 
whom was the King of Greece, the son of the 
Danish King, a man of pleasant face and 
bearing, with nothing about him to denote 
his rank. The road now wound through 
grassy slopes and tracts of woodland, whose 
trees, mostly beech and linden, were admir- 
able specimens of aged yet luxuriant growth. 
Their sturdy trunks and graceful branches, 
as they grew singly or were disposed in 
groups, were objects of rare beauty; while 
the sunlight that played through them, 
added another charm to the scene. 

"Then we would meet here and there 
quietly feeding and scarcely starting at our 
approach, herds of deer and fawns, some- 
times quite numerous. And though mostly 
the fallow deer, at one point we passed what 
we took to be a number of elk. In all we 
must have seen upwards of one hundred of 
these beautiful animals in the course of our 
drive. Toward six o'clock we reached 
Skodsborg, a summer resort on the Sound, 

8 ( 105 ) 



where our kind hostess would have us stop 
for supper. From this point we could read- 
ily see the coast of Sweden, and the spot was 
pointed out where Tycho Brahe lived and 
made some of his important astronomical 
observations. It was quite late in the even- 
ing when we again reached the city, after 
a delightful and refreshing day. Copen- 
hagen has a population of four hundred 
thousand, and has rapidly increased of late 
years in size and importance. The streets 
are well laid out and especially in the new- 
ly built parts are broad, well-paved and 
cleanly. Many of the buildings are very 
handsome, generally from four to six stories 
in height, and frequently arranged around 
a central court-yard. Some are of a light 
free-stone, but brick, plastered or painted, 
is the more common material. Several fine 
squares and lakes in the heart of the city 
add much to its healthfulness. Copenhagen 
has been called the 'Paris of the North,' 
and while truly a beautiful city, it is to be 
feared that its moral atmosphere too much 
resembles that of the French Capital. 

" We made a short visit to a Sailors' Home, 
established through the efforts of our friend 
Kristina Hansen, and a few other benevo- 
lent ladies. Its capacity as yet is limited, 
but it is doing a good work. Here we were 
interested to meet with several of the Lady 
Managers, who impressed us as excellent 
women. They represent a class of serious 
Christians of various persuasions in Copen- 
hagen, who in a quiet way are exercising a 

(106) 



very wholesome influence upon the commun- 
ity, and who seem to be strongly impressed 
with the view that while the disciple of 
Christ has his place in the world, he is em- 
phatically called out of its spirit and the 
evil of its ways. 

"6th. — Owing to delay as to proceeding 
immediately with the work in Germany and 
through the desire of my faithful companion 
to afford me what he thought a needed rest, 
we had concluded to spend a few days in 
Switzerland. So hitherward we bent our 
course, reaching Heidelberg after midnight. 
In the castle I saw the towers, the prisoners' 
dungeon, the servants' dungeon, the moat, 
the portcullis, the banqueting hall, the wine 
vaults, the famous Tun of Heidelberg, 
(which is nothing more than an immense 
beer barrel). All tell of the manner of life 
which once prevailed. In the Museum I 
was interested in seeing the portraits of the 
long lines of princes of various degrees, most 
of them connected with the history of the 
castle or famous in their day, together with 
many relics and other antiquities. The 
whole conveyed a most striking lesson as to 
the uncertain tenure of human pomp and 
greatness ; and how completely power, which 
is not founded in right and justice, may be 
swept from the earth. We reached Lucerne 
toward noon, and soon began the ascent of 
the Rigi in a small car and engine propelled 
by a powerful cog-wheel arrangement, the 
sensation that of rising in a balloon, barring 
the noise. The beauty of the mountains 

( 107 ) 



increased on every side, till we found our- 
selves enveloped in a succession of grand 
peaks and ranges overlapping or out-topping 
one another in endless diversity. 

"At the hotel Rigi Shiedegg, a fresh burst 
of beauty awaited us, as the declining sun 
played admirably upon the scene, throwing 
into shade or lighting up the peaks and 
gorges, and illuminating the clouds that 
moved along the mountain-sides or rested 
peacefully upon their tops. Over all was 
thrown the softest tint of blue which toned 
everything about us into a dreamy light, 
that seemed scarce earthly. The lake at 
our feet, was of a deep green, yet it too par- 
took of the changing light that fell upon it, 
as the clouds drifted across in ever varying 
shapes. 

" 13th. — The sun breaking out toward ten 
o'clock, we started for a walk, I, having in 
my mind, some Alpine flowers to press for 
our dear H. As I told my little plan, I 
found a tender chord had been unintention- 
ally touched in the heart of my loving com- 
rade, as he replied 'Well, do thou go for the 
sake of thy daughter, and I will go farther 
on for the sake of mine.' Then he contin- 
ued, 'It was just here Mary and I turned 
into this path three years ago, and after 
rambling among the trees before us, we 
climbed up that long hill to the cross which 
we see on the top of it, and there we sat and 
talked so sweetly. Don't wait for me when 
thou gets the flowers, for I should like to go 
up the hill once more.' So we parted, for I 

( 108 ) 



saw the stricken heart of the father was full, 
and it was good for him to be alone. 

" 17th. — About half past four we opened 
our eyes upon an almost cloudless sky. 
The approaching sunrise was clearing away 
the mists of the valleys, and we hastily 
slipped into some clothing to watch the 
coming glory. Not a cloud obscured the 
eastern horizon, the glow of golden light 
steadily increased, and then with a flash, the 
full orbed sun shot his rays along the whole 
line of mountain tops, tipping one after 
another with a rosy glow. As he mounted 
higher the snow-clad peaks were bathed in 
silver, and presently the grand group to 
which belong the 'Jungfrau/ the 'Monk' 
and the 'Eiger' caught the full blaze of 
light, and a spectacle never to be forgotten 
was before me. Just as the sun broke forth, 
the chiming of church bells from the ham- 
lets below fell sweetly upon the ear and 
blended most harmoniously with the beau- 
teous scene. Nor was it strange that my 
lips and heart exclaimed in rapture, f Earth 
with her thousand voices praises God.' 
Completing my toilet, I sat me down to tell 
the dear daughter, in the home so far away, 
of the wondrous beauty in which I was rev- 
elling." 



A slight digression here may be permitted 
in offering a tribute to the rare character of 
T. P. Cope's daughter Mary, as reference has 
been made to her father's sustained sorrow 
for her death. Hers was no common nature, 

( 109 ) 



and she combined a cultivated mind with 
filial reverence and devotion, one on whom 
her family leaned. Yet when a fatal and 
lingering disease made her an intense sufferer, 
we could only marvel at her " strength made 
perfect in weakness." Her uncle, after a 
conversation with her, composed this acros- 
tic sonnet, an echo of her words, showing 
the secret of her patience: 

Meet for the Master's use, whether I be 

A cup of silver by Him in the fire 

Refined, or only clay drawn from the mire. 

Yet by His patient, loving care to me, 

So shaped and beautiful that even He, 

The Lord of life and glory, might desire, 

Out of my depths, to cause a stream to flow, 

Kindling in other breasts, like precious glow. 

Even so, that when, at last I stand 

Silent and prayerful, before His gate, 

Clad in humility, I shall but hear 

Only the tender voice of His command 

" Perfect by suffering, then no more shall wait 

Enter the gate, and find thy guerdon here." 

Our two travellers after their week of 
needed rest, turned their steps toward Ger- 
many in order to visit the few brethren there, 
— a young Friend, Charles F. Brede, offering 
himself acceptably as their interpreter, was 
now with them. 



The Journal of S. Morris continues in ii 
"First-day, 18th. — In the middle of the 
morning we sat down together, when T. P. C. 
read for us the epistle to the Philippians, 
and I felt called to make some remarks bear- 
ing upon the nature of our work — the need 
( no) 



for watchfulness unto prayer, lest we should 
be as stumbling-blocks to any; but by yield- 
ing to the Lord's quickening Spirit we should 
be enabled to walk circumspectly, and to do 
faithfully whatever service He may be 
pleased to lay upon us. We were, I trust, 
refreshed together under a sense of that 
abounding love which is in Christ Jesus our 
Lord, whereby all our needs are supplied in 
Him. 

"21st. — By day-break we were startled 
with a crash of drums and martial music, as 
a troop of soldiers were being marched from 
their barracks to some distant point. We 
understand they are frequently called with- 
out notice, at any hour of the night, and 
sometimes more than once, to move their 
quarters. Yet this is just military discipline, 
and is said to be needful in order to accustom 
the men to sudden surprises, and it probably 
is so. But war and every thing connected 
with it is hard and arbitrary; so that army 
life, even on a peace footing, is no exception. 
My heart is often saddened to observe how 
thoroughly the German people seem devoted 
to the idea that their strength and prosperity 
are dependent upon the maintenance of the 
army in its highest degree of efficiency, 
claiming that anything short of this would 
invite attack from some neighboring nation, 
and therefore the present policy is really 
in the interest of peace. Such a view has 
an air of plausibility, but is one of those pop- 
ular fallacies which nothing but the teach- 
ings of practical Christianity can meet erTec- 
( 111 ) 



tively. We hear of a review of the German 
troops on a vast scale which is to be made 
by the young Emperor in the neighborhood 
of Minden very shortly. The manoeuvres 
are to include engagements in the field of 
probably fifty thousand men as between two 
contending armies, with an approach as 
nearly to actual warfare as may be safe or 
practicable. At the railway stations, on the 
streets, in the open country, we meet con- 
tinually with men in some style of military 
uniform, so that Germany may be said to 
swarm with soldiers. As a practical result 
of such a system a large proportion of the 
men and horses go to the army, while the 
women and cows are left to do the work in 
the fields. 

" Minden, Eighth Month 23rd, 1889. 

" Called on David Peitsmeyer, one of the 
leading Friends here, a watchmaker by 
trade, his aunt Frederica giving us with 
much feeling a narrative, of some of the suf- 
ferings of her worthy husband and others 
for their refusal to swear and to bear arms. 
The former was at one time punished by 
being kept for six weeks upon the "Lateen" 
in which the victim, in thin clothing and 
without shoes is placed in a cell, the floor 
of which is covered with a frame-work of 
wooden points upon which he must either 
stand or lie, there being no other resting 
place. Here she told us they were fed on 
bread and water for three days, and on the 
fourth were given a little warm food. This 

( H2) 



treatment mostly brought the sufferer to 
the yielding point. But not so, as I have 
said, with her faithful husband. His char- 
acter was the material of which martyrs are 
made. He was living when Thomas Cope 
visited Minden three years ago, and strongly 
impressed the latter with his piety and sub- 
stantial worth. 

"24th. — Wrote during the morning, and 
in the afternoon, accompanied by Louise 
Peitsmeyer, Thomas Cope and Charles Brede 
I visited Christine Schelp, Lydia Seebohm, 
{a niece of the late Benjamin S.), and Julia 
Rasche. The first named is the daughter 
of Christian Schelp, another worthy of the 
last generation, and her own loving spirit 
and godly life give her an excellent place 
with her brethren and the community around 
her. 

"Ninth Month 2nd. — In the evening we 
made a visit to Antoine Fincke, an interest- 
ing man who had been educated as a Roman 
Catholic priest, but became in early man- 
hood convinced of the views of Friends. His 
faith was soon severely tested regarding our 
testimonies against war and oaths; for his 
faithfulness he was imprisoned for about 
two years, and otherwise suffered at the 
hands of the authorities. He is quite schol- 
arly in his attainments, and now is engaged 
in teaching English, the classics and mathe- 
matics to a number of young men. He 
seems a man of religious experience, and 
honestly desirous of doing his duty in what- 
ever sphere he may be placed. The recol- 

(113) 



lection of some of his early trials and suffer- 
ings seemed quite to overcome him. 

" Believing our service in Germany now 
completed, we are preparing to leave for 
England on the morrow. 

"Near Carlisle, Eng., Ninth Mo. 16th, 1889. 

"A meeting with the Friends at Scotby had 
been arranged, and shutting up the house our 
kind hostess Susan Doeg, with Grace Doyle 
her daughter, and 'Uncle James,' also the 
maid-servant, wended our way to the modest 
but comfortable meeting-house in a retired 
nook just aside from the village street. A 
low roof, broad casement windows and 
flagged floor, were its noticeable points. A 
plot of well-kept grass surrounded the en- 
trance and studded over this were the graves 
of many of the little flock, marked by cylin- 
drical brown stones set perpendicularly at 
the head and inscribed simply with the 
name, birth and death of the departed. The 
ground was enclosed by a substantial stone 
wall, and the whole was most unique in its 
simplicity. James Doyle and ourselves 
were the only men, and about a dozen wom- 
en made up the little company; but, I trust 
we all felt is was "good for us to be there;" 
and I found such freedom both in ministry 
and prayer as I have often not known in 
larger assemblies. 

" Pardshaw, Eng., Ninth Month 29th, 1889. 

" It was proposed that we strangers should 
climb to the top of the hill, which rises from 

( 114) 



the road on which the meeting-house fronts, 
and view the height from which George Fox 
had addressed great crowds who assembled 
in the fields below. The 'Crag/ is a singu- 
lar limestone formation which crowns the 
top of the hill, and at a point directly over- 
looking the meadow-land that extended to 
the north, there is a rock shaped very much 
like a pulpit, from which it is said George 
Fox used to speak. The acoustic properties 
of this spot are very remarkable; several of 
the company posted themselves at a distance 
of some five hundred yards, while from the 
pulpit John Watson spoke in an ordinary 
tone, and notwithstanding a stiff wind was 
blowing in an opposite direction he was 
distinctly heard. From this point Neal Dow 
of Maine, U. S. A., addressed a large gather- 
ing some time ago in connection with his 
Temperance work. A very pleasant social 
occasion was the simple meal of which we 
now partook, and then the company drew 
together again in the meeting-room and my 
dear companion and I spoke in a somewhat 
familiar manner upon our privileges as com- 
pared with many others, and the importance 
of each being true to the convictions of his 
own heart, in order that all should be filling 
up faithfully their measure of service what- 
ever it might be. 

"Aberdeen, Scotland, Tenth Month 6th, 1889. 

"The meeting being over, Sophia Cash in- 
vited us to take tea with her. She is the 
daughter of John Bright of honored memory, 

( 115 ) 



and displayed some of the qualities of mind 
and heart which made him so conspicuous; 
three little ones add to her happiness, her 
husband is professor in the University here 
and at present absent from home. The 
next day we called on a regular attender of 
this meeting. He seems very strongly im- 
pressed with the truth of our views, but 
disposed to criticize sharply our manifest 
departure from primitive faith and practice. 
While unhappily there was too much justice 
in his strictures, I encouraged him to look 
away from our short-comings and by his 
own open acceptance of our principles and 
a life consistent with them, to do what he 
could towards bringing about a better condi- 
tion amongst our people. 

" Edinboro, Tenth Month 10th, 1889. 

"The two months' meeting for Edinboro 
and Glasgow met at eleven, and we found 
a goodly number. Called at Eliza Wig- 
ham's, a sweet-spirited woman probably of 
fifty-five, full of love and good works, and 
withal a staunch Friend. Here we took 
tea and then went to meeting for Ministry 
and Oversight, where a very interesting 
discussion took place as to the best means 
of drawing the younger members, more es- 
pecially, to attend our meetings for worship. 
While some looked for much benefit from 
combining social entertainments with benev- 
olent and religious work, others felt strongly 
that the attraction must mainly come from 
the meetings themselves, and that unless 

( 116) 



spiritual life prevailed in these, they would 
not commend themselves to our young peo- 
ple, as superior to the services of other religi- 
ous bodies. My dear companion spoke ex- 
cellently on the point, and elicited the ap- 
proval of others. We passed through Ayr, 
the birth-place of Burns; on the Main street 
was still standing the veritable inn whence 
'Tarn O'Shanter' started on his wild ride, 
of which was a graphic picture over the 
door-way; above another tavern door, we 
read that within was to be seen "the mug/' 
from which 'Tarn' was wont to regale him- 
self. We crossed the Ayr upon the time- 
worn but not dilapidated "Auld Brig" 
built 1250, and as we looked down the stream 
at the site of what in the days of Burns was 
the 'New Brig,' but which has long since 
given place to a second, we re-called the 
prediction of the poet, which had been so 
fully verified: 

'Conceited gowk! puffed up in windy pride! 
This mony a year, I've stood the flood and tide, 
And though wi crazy eild I'm sair forfairn 
I'll be a brig when ye're a shapeless cairn.' 

"Edinboro, Tenth Month 31st, 1889. 

"Between the close of the meeting and din- 
ner there were still three hours, so dear 
Eliza Wigham said to us, 'if you'll come 
with me, we will go at least to the Castle and 
Parliament House!' Lawyers and clients 
were perambulating the floor, the former in 
full costumes of gowns and wigs, were strik- 
ing figures ; and though the wigs were gray, 

( 117 ) 



the dark hair of the wearers cropped out 
mischievously from beneath, another illus- 
tration of the tenacity with which our Eng- 
lish cousins adhere to their time-honored 
customs, however odd or useless. Just out- 
side and in the middle of the street-way, 
we observed a small iron plate with the let- 
ters J. K. and a date, for beneath had been 
interred all that was mortal of John Knox, 
the great Scotch Reformer. His house is 
still preserved in good repair. In passing, 
we could but observe a building with this 
inscription: 'The Heave Awa Temperance 
House,' while over the doorway was carved 
the head and bust of a boy. The story is 
that some years ago, a building in the pro- 
cess of erection fell, burying several bodies 
in the ruin. After long but unavailing 
effort to remove the debris, the men were 
abandoning all hope of relief for the sufferers, 
when a brave young voice was heard from 
beneath 'Heave Awa, lads. I'm not dead 
yet!' Whereupon the men returned to 
their labors, and rescued the little sufferer 
from impending death. So much admired 
was the courage of the boy that, when the 
walls were again built, the circumstance 
was commemorated as I have described. 

"Eleventh Month i st. — Called as a farewell 
visit on our dear friend Eliza Wigham, but 
regretted her being from home. This excel- 
lent woman is one of those striking instances 
of the widespread influences for good which 
may be exerted by a single devoted Christian 
whose heart is filled with love to God and 

( 118) 



man. Such is the appreciation of her val- 
uable services in behalf of the poorer classes 
and her worth in the community, that not 
long since the good people of Edinburg pre- 
sented her with one thousand pounds in 
token thereof." 

A month was spent by Samuel Morris 
and T. P. Cope in the northern English 
Counties and in Scotland, with many inter- 
esting meetings and episodes, but we must 
hasten on to their journey in Southern 
France. London Yearly Meeting extends 
a motherly care over the small companies 
of Friends on the continent, and their love 
is reciprocal. We quote from the Journal: 

"Nimes, France, Eleventh Month 22nd, 1889. 

" The Temple of Diana, a Roman ruin, well 
preserved in many of its parts, though built 
at least two thousand years ago, stands on 
the edge of the Park. The baths for the 
imperial court, probably erected by Hadrian, 
received their water from the spring. These 
too are in wonderful preservation. The Ro- 
man Amphitheatre (or Coliseum) has been 
kept from further decay at the expense of 
the government. This would originally ac- 
commodate twenty-five thousand specta- 
tors. We were sorry to learn that it is still 
used for bull-fights, to which the people 
flock by thousands. It is said, in palliation 
of these brutal spectacles, that the animals 
are not allowed to be killed on the occasion ; 
but the influence of the sight must be debas- 

( 119) 



ing to the spectators under the most favora- 
ble conditions. 

' '24th. — To our great pleasure our J apanese 
friend, Inazo Nitobe, arrived. I trust it will 
become a means of confirming the religious 
convictions, which I rejoice to find have not 
been disturbed by the unfavorable influ- 
ences to which he has been exposed during 
the progress of his study at the German 
Universities. 

" At half past ten the little company of 
Friends at Nimes were to gather, and I could 
but feel some anxiety as to an interpreter; 
when Marie Bernard, who speaks quite 
fluently, unexpectedly arrived from Con- 
genies. She ' had no thought,' as she said, 
'of being needed, but just felt like coming 
to the meeting and now could the better 
see why she had the gentle impulse.' Then 
I trust I was helped to minister from the 
inexhaustible Treasury, to their comfort and 
edification. 

"Congenies, Eleventh Month 27th, 1889. 
" Staying with Marie Bernard we see some- 
thing of peasant life and made a very pleas- 
ant call on an old lady, Leah T. As I was 
introduced to her, she looked earnestly into 
my face, exclaiming, "Etienne de Grellet!" 
a rather striking illustration, among many 
others, of the similarity that must have 
existed between the countenance of that 
saintly man and my own. Would I might 
resemble him in his devotion to the Master 
whom we both have loved, and experience 

(120) 



more of that unction from the Holy One 
that so abundantly accompanied his labors. 

" Visited a school taught by Christine Ben- 
ezet, also had a peep at a baker's shop and 
the butcher's. With Blanche Bernard we 
climbed a rugged height above the Olive 
orchards and vineyards, whence we had a 
charming view of the little town and outly- 
ing hamlets. On the North were the Ceven- 
nes Mountains. 

"The meeting-house capable of seating 
one hundred and fifty, erected with the aid 
of English Friends early in this century, 
had a sad interest in the graves of the wor- 
thies who have been laid in the little burying 
ground. Among them that of Lydia Majo- 
lier, who must have been a mother in Israel. 
The mothers' meeting, was composed of 
twenty women, knitting wool supplied by 
Friends in England, their faces, intelligent, 
comely, solid; each had tucked under her 
feet the 'chaufTe-pied,' a little box contain- 
ing smouldering coals which seem almost 
essential to the comfort, if not health of 
women, where the floors are universally of 
stone or tiles, and the poor little wood fires 
are utterly insufficient for warming a house. 
I had a few words of encouragement for the 
busy knitters, while my dear companion 
seemed greatly to please them by his French, 
and again by leaving a small sum to be 
expended in a treat. 

"At Fontanes we were met by Clement 
Brun and soon made welcome at his house. 
On the table in the meeting-room we were 

9 ( 121 ) 



shown the ancient Bible, printed about 1650, 
and which during the bitter persecutions of 
the seventeenth century, was for a long time 
secreted in a hole made in the wall below, 
which we were also shown, and where it had 
been plastered over, the more effectually to 
conceal it. This precious relic is a good 
specimen of the printing of that day, and 
in excellent condition. After a period of 
refreshing solemnity, I revived the words 
of our Lord to his disciples: ' Fear not, little 
flock; it is your Father's good pleasure to 
give you the Kingdom/ 

"Twelfth Month 7th. — Arrived at Mentone, 
we found Thomas H anbury, whom we had 
come to visit, waiting for us with his car- 
riage. He is an English Friend who, having 
spent some twenty years of his early life as 
a merchant in China, there amassed an 
ample estate, and at the age of forty-five 
retired from business. He then purchased 
a property belonging to a needy Italian 
Marquise, out of repair, but beautifully sit- 
uated upon a projecting cape near the little 
village of La Mortola, Italy. The grounds 
are laid out with great skill, and admirably 
adapted to the charming outlook on every 
side. From Australia, South Africa, China 
and Japan, as well as our Western Continent, 
have been brought two thousand varieties 
of trees, plants, and shrubs, that thrive only 
in semi-tropic regions, all labelled with their 
scientific names, making a choice botanical 
garden, rare seeds being distributed and 
received. For La Mortola, Thomas Hanbury 

( 122) 



has put up a school building, large enough 
to accommodate one hundred pupils and 
provide a home for several teachers. He 
is still interested in China and its people, 
among whom he spent so many years and 
where the greater part of his estate still 
remains. He has been long and actively 
engaged in associations for the suppression 
of the opium habit, as well as the traffic 
in that most injurious drug. His impres- 
sions of the Chinese character, growing out 
of his long business intercourse with them, 
we were glad to find very favorable. After 
the meeting with his family, he and I had a 
very interesting walk and conversation, in 
which he displayed a depth of religious feel- 
ing, saying that our coming and services 
had been very helpful and seasonable to 
them all, and he trusted a blessing would 
follow them. 

"Montmeyran, France, Twelfth Mo. 16th, 1889. 

Among the mountains here it is exceed- 
ingly cold. B. B. Combe and ourselves 
walked to his brother Samuel's and back, 
ten miles; they are the only Friends in these 
parts. We had much sympathy with them 
in their isolated condition; our coming seem- 
ed to be appreciated. 

" Paris, Twelfth Month 20th, 1889. 
"Called on Justine D'Alancourt, an inter- 
esting character; born a Roman Catholic 
and expecting to enter a convent, she was 
led to believe there was a better way. At 
the age of twenty she went to England where 

(123) 



she met for the first time with the Bible and 
felt that her Heavenly Father was teaching 
her. Christine Majolier Alsop told her she 
was at heart a Quaker, and she now saw 
it right to join our Society. Thus though 
much alone in Paris, as to Christian fellow- 
ship, she devotes her time to Mothers' Meet- 
ings and to instructing young girls as Bible 
readers among the poor." In the Rue de 
Theatre near the Eiffel Tower, is her home, 
with the Mission Rooms, and here is held a 
Friends ' Meeting, during a part of the year. 
(We visited her in 1904.) Theodore Monod, 
a pastor in the Free Protestant Church was 
also congenial to our travellers 

Leaving Paris they next went to Friends 
in Ireland and were warmly welcomed at 
Dublin by James N. Richardson and the 
two veterans, Charles Wakefield and dear 
old William Green; the latter aged eighty- 
six, entirely deaf, but shedding around him 
a sacred influence. He had visited in Gospel 
love Friends in America four times. 

Mount Mellick the school for children of 
our Society, was a centre of interest; Cahir, 
Lurgan, Waterford, Enniscorthy and many 
other towns,were halting-places — the Friends 
receiving them cordially. At a gathering in 
Cork Samuel Morris was asked by George 
Grubb to tell of his experiences in our 
Southern States. 

Bessbrook they found to be a model 
village for weaving linen into fine damasks; 
the population is thirty-five hundred, sober 
self-respecting and thrifty through the wise 

(124) 



management of J. G. Richardson, the senior 
partner of the firm. This aged Friend was 
now on his death bed and a gloom was cast 
over the whole community. 

The scenery of Ireland exceeded the ex- 
pectations of my father and he considered 
it finer than that of England, whither they 
now returned. 

We next find them at Bristol with J. S. 
Fry, aiding him in one of his daily Bible 
Readings with his employees in the Cocoa 
Manufactory; two thousand workers in this 
establishment. 

The various schools under the care of 
Friends were visited, and the meetings gen- 
erally in the British Isles also, the Yearly 
Meeting again in the spring. Were we to 
give the many details, our pages would over- 
flow, and we have dwelt more on unfre- 
quented paths on the Continent. One item 
impressed me as we close this journey, that 
although Samuel Morris and T. P. Cope had 
their lodgings in London close to Westmin- 
ster Abbey and the Houses of Parliament, 
they never took time from ministerial duties, 
to enter these historic buildings during their 
long sojourn in England. Thus my dear 
father fourteen years later, enjoyed them 
to the full, when he went abroad for his 
health after my mother's long illness and 
departure. 

An interval of three years came between 
the two foreign journeys of Samuel Morris, 
and we find him settling into the quiet of 
home on his return from Europe, having a 

(125) 



largely increased correspondence with newly- 
made friends abroad; and many requests 
from circles here for verbal accounts from 
him of the places and people he had met. 
As in "The Pennsylvania Pilgrim/' 

" His door was free to men of every name, 
He welcomed all the seeking souls who came, 
And no man's faith he made a cause of blame. 
But best he loved in leisure hours to see 
His own dear friends sit by him knee to knee, 
In social converse, genial, frank and free. 

Nor eye was raised, nor hand was stirred 
In that soul-sabbath, till at last some word, 
Of tender counsel or low prayer was heard." 

How often did his brother-in-law, Charles 
Rhoads, say, "Let us go to Olney;" — and 
there the two, so congenial, would discuss 
matters in the church and out of it, confirm- 
ing each other in stronger faith and patience. 

I recall an interesting conversation after 
their reading the xi. chapter Eccl., as to 
whether the passage "rejoice oh young man 
in thy youth, etc.," as well as the general 
tenor of Solomon's advice, sanctions or con- 
demns the rational pleasures of the young. 
They both agreed that he approved of them, 
providing the heart was kept pure by the 
Holy Spirit; that the good things given us 
then, animal spirits, freedom from suffering, 
bouyancy, are all to be regarded as blessings 
attending early life; that the concluding 
sentence, relating to "judgment" does not 
necessarily mean condemnation, for it 
speaks of good work as well as evil. 

Again, I have recorded the remarks of 

(126) 



Samuel Morris and Chas. Rhoads on a pas- 
sage in Phil, i: 18, where Paul commends 
the dispersion of the Gospel even through 
imperfect means; Foreign Missions were 
thought to be good ; the effort to benefit our 
fellow-creatures should not be checked, for 
it is the outgrowth of a Christian spirit. . . 
In noticing the characters of different indiv- 
iduals, one day, father remarked: "There is 
a wide difference between true independence 
and a spirit of self-assertion, the former 
arises from a quiet, unobtrusive, yet firm 
expression of one's views when questioned, 
which calls forth love and respect, even in 
those differing from him; — the latter is bold 
and fond of argument, involving a love of 
notoriety not to be commended." 

On a certain occasion I asked my father 
if such artists as William Richards and Benj. 
West should be discouraged by Friends, 
from following the course in which their 
evident genius led them; he replied, "No, 
if they confined themselves to works of art 
which were moral and elevating in tendency." 
Then said I — "Why may we not buy such 
reproductions of nature." "Chiefly because 
of their price," was the answer, "and the 
difficulty of setting a limit to such an in- 
dulgence of our taste. Thus Friends are 
often called into seemingly narrow paths, 
in order to set our example to other Christian 
professors." 

The question arose one evening, during 
First-day reading, why Friends should 

(127) 



recognize the heathen deities in astromony 
while scrupulous as to avoiding their names 
in the months and days. Samuel Morris's 
answer was that to be entirely consistent 
we should consider them equally, but that 
Friends have never been extremists, and 
hence contented themselves by bringing 
their views to bear only upon most glaring 
errors; if for instance in order to take no 
part in military affairs, they should refuse 
to vote for President, because he is also 
commander-in-chief of the army, this would 
be an extreme view. Thus carrying out so 
far their opinions they would be unable to 
live among other men, but our Saviour's 
petition was that His followers should "not 
be taken out of the world but kept from the 
evil." 

"Fair First-day mornings, steeped in summer calm 
Warm, tender, restful, sweet with woodland balm, 
Came to him, like some mother-hallowed psalm." 

At such times my father would express 
his fondness for the melodious ringing of 
church bells at the various places of worship 
around us. Might he not have shared the 
feeling of Mary (Tatum) Whitall, who would 
say, "The chiming seems to echo the verse :- 
"Other sheep I have which are not of this 
fold." 

The poor were seldom turned from his 
door, and I recall a stormy night when a 
crowd of negroes arrived — men, women and 
children on foot, traveling from the South 
to Canada. "Where can we sleep?" they 

(128) 




d 



r 1 , 








cried, — and my father said, "lie here by the 
kitchen fire;" so we made them a supper of 
boiled Indian meal and the next day they 
pursued their way. 

Two poor deaf mutes, a man and wife 
named Brewer, often came to lodge, and a 
room in the attic was at their service. My 
father was touched as he went one evening 
to see that the candle was safely extinguished. 
The man was on his knees, saying his pray- 
ers earnestly, with his finger language spread- 
ing his wants before the Lord, unconscious 
of anyone near him. When the trade of 
shoemaking failed to support them in their 
latter years, through the kindness of some 
benevolent women they ended their days 
most happily in a home for Aged Couples, 
at Seventeenth and Francis Streets, Phila. 

My grandfather had once said, he was 
thankful for a heart to give, as well as for 
the means; and it was he who first knew 
C. and M. Brewer as pupils at the Deaf and 
Dumb Asylum. 

Thus Samuel Morris in discussing with a 
visitor the proper place of wealth, said that 
the selfish use of it only is to be avoided; 
that money is often given to men as a bless- 
ing which they may dispense to others. 
Friends are apt to grow rich, through the 
carrying out of their honest business prin- 
ciples. 

As I sit at the desk still surrounded by 
my father's writing materials, how vividly 
his hourly employments come back to mem- 
ory, and we will glance at one day. Rising 

(129) 



at six, he had time for a period of prayer in 
his own room, and after breakfast would 
talk with the gardener about the work to be 
done; then off to the city for a committee 
meeting, next a call on one or two invalid 
friends, followed by a lunch at a restaurant 
and a siesta at 304 Arch Street in an upper 
room. If he came home to dine, this mid- 
day rest was taken in an easy chair, for he 
had the happy attainment of relaxing both 
body and mind, napping as a means to fur- 
ther work. 

Letter-writing or account-books occupied 
the next hour, and then came his happiest 
time in the garden, raking hay, gathering 
fruit or pruning boughs, for he was an agile 
climber and fearless in a tree-top. 

The training of vines, the hoeing of plants, 
the picking up fallen branches, the sweeping 
of snow, all gave him pleasure, as season 
succeeded season. 

If a visitor called him "Cincinnatus" 
while he was thus employed, he would smile 
an apology for his rustic blouse. 

Then in the twilight came a brisk walk 
on the front porch with our mother, where 
the setting sun made a glowing background 
to the forest. 

"Leafless are the trees, their purple branches 
Spread themselves abroad, like reefs of coral 
Rising silent in the Red Sea of the winter sunset.' 

A heart to heart talk would ensue, a spark 
of his own strong faith irradiating her quiet 
nature. "He was farthest from sentimen- 

(130) 



tality by the abundance of the sentiment 
which filled him." 

By the wood fire on the hearth, followed 
a fitting finale to the day, stories told to the 
children before their bed-time, then we 
gathered by the lamp with our sewing, and 
he would read aloud from some favorite 
author, concluding with the Bible chapter 
at half past nine. 

His excellent health was largely due to 
regular habits, meals eaten slowly and a 
Christian optimism. So exceptional was 
this soundness, that he never knew what it 
was to have a headache, and referring to 
this physical blessing, he said: "I often feel 
unconscious of material existence and the 
spiritual nature has pre-eminence." 

Dr. E. G. Rhoads remarked that he had 
never met such an instance of bodily, men- 
tal and spiritual health. So we need not 
wonder at my father coasting with his grand- 
children on the old Haverford sled (still in 
use), nor at his skating with us on the pond 
in the valley after his seventy-fifth year, 
still graceful in motion and bouyant in heart. 

Looking down from our elevated home, 
how did he enjoy the vistas afforded by the 
winding Tacony sparkling in the sunlight, 
three bridges in sight, our favorite one, stone 
with two arches. Over this, day and night, 
traveled the farmers' wagons coming twenty 
miles or more, bound for Philadelphia, the 
high loads of hay particularly effective,, 
giving an air of life to the quiet landscape. 

The steep wooded hillside close to our 

( 131 ) 



door led me to express a wish to see a prime- 
val forest — ''Why, we live in one!" was my 
father's answer, " these three hundred trees 
have grown here naturally, and the land 
has never been cleared." So they were 
regarded by him with affection, as well as 
the tiny blossoms at their feet. How would 
he have appreciated Dr. Vandyke's words: 

"For the faith that the flowers show when they 

bloom unbidden, 
For the calm of the water's flow to a goal that is 

hidden, 
For the trust of the tree that clings to its deep 

foundation, 
For the courage of wild birds' wings on the long 

migration, 
Wonderful secret of peace, to abide in Nature's 

breast, 
Teach me how to confide and live my life, and rest!" 

"To look through Nature up to Nature's 
God" was his delight, to view the vicissi- 
tudes of life as opportunities for closer 
allegiance and unfaltering trust. 

We now come to the consummation of 
the ministerial journeys of our dear father — 
the Gospel visit in 1892 to Japan, Australia, 
New Zealand and Hawaii. As told in the 
Memorial, he found a true helper in Jonathan 
E. Rhoads, who met him in California and 
they there enjoyed a brief sojourn with the 
Friends at San Jose, — J. and H. Bean, and 
the Brun family (from France). 

Isaac Sharp of England was en route to 
China, but detained at his daughter's by 
illness. The Journal of Samuel Morris thus 
alludes to him: "We found this aged servant 

( 132 ) 



full of his wonted faith and courage. It 
was most refreshing to drink in somewhat 
of that good hope and confidence which 
animates his heart. 

"A life of devotion like his may well be 
an object-lesson, from which younger dis- 
ciples may learn the blessedness there is in 
serving the same Master." 

In San Francisco a call was made on Han- 
nah Neall and her husband. "It seemed 
a pleasure to hear from her old friends in 
the East. She was the authoress of some 
sweet verses with which we have been long 
familiar." 

In this city our travellers also attended 
the Friends' meeting, where fifty were as- 
sembled and much benefit was felt. 

At the Y. M. C. A. in the afternoon, an 
opportunity to speak was offered, and proved 
a time of profit to the men there gathered 
from the street. 

From a home letter written on shipboard 
we make extracts : 

" The Peru, Eighth Month 12, 1892. 

''Somewhat to my surprise we continued 
in sight of the mountain ranges to our right, 
for nearly two days, but gradually these 
faded away and we were left to our loneliness 
— a speck on the mighty deep ! The ship's 
company consists of the captain and his 
officers, about fifty Chinese servants and 
seamen, fifteen first cabin passengers, in- 
cluding ourselves, and in other quarters one 
hundred and fifty Chinamen with a few 

( 133 ) 



young Japs; and several Chinese women, one 
of whom is said to be the wife of an imposing 
personage, who by his style of dress and 
hauteur would seem to be a somebody. 

"A tall thoughtful young man (Scotch- 
English) is going a second time as missionary 
to Japan; his Christian experiences being 
deep and fervent, we have had many good 
talks on the things of the kingdom. 

"Then there is a young Jap who has been 
six years in a Californian High School and 
now goes back to the interior of Niphon. 
On asking him whether he felt sorry for the 
time he had spent in the States, he said 'No, 
I have learned many good things there, but 
best of all I have found the Lord Jesus; I 
should not have heard about Him in my 
own country/ 

" Poor boy, he scarcely realizes how much 
it may cost him to acknowledge his Saviour. 
May his faith fail not when the testing time 
shall come. 

"There is also the first mate from Maine, 
aged twenty-six, who says, 'My mother is a 
good Christian woman, and when I left her 
she made me promise I would never drink 
nor smoke nor use profane language, and I 
kept my word, first to please her, but now 
to please my Heavenly Father, and because 
I want to get to Heaven.' He stands six 
feet in his stockings, weighs two hundred 
and forty-two pounds, and can lift eleven 
hundred pounds. He has been offered 
large inducements to join theatrical com- 
panies by way of exhibiting his powers, but 

( 134) 



the thought of his good mother has always 
helped him to refuse these offers. He seems 
to have no trouble in controlling his men, 
for says he, 'they will do right, if you treat 
them right.' 

"It is a pleasure to watch their orderly 
ways as they glide noiselessly in and out, 
regard your every want and dexterously 
avoid collisions. I enjoy their earnest coun- 
tenances full of intelligence absorbed in their 
work, while in their black 'kimonos' with 
half sleeves of white, their half-shaven heads 
and the precious queue of raven hair not 
ungracefully trailing to the heels, they pre- 
sent a picture at once unique and attractive. 

"It is astounding how completely we can 
accommodate ourselves to new and strange 
surroundings. The ship for the time is to 
us, what the sea-shell is to the delicate crea- 
ture within. The measured thud of the 
engine suggests the pulsation of my own 
heart, while the incessant dash of the waves, 
has come to have a sound so soothing that 
it would be greatly missed were it to cease. 

"On each First-day we have held a relig- 
ious meeting with our fellow-passengers and 
such of the officers as inclined to attend. — 
The captain thanked us." 

The Journal continues the narrative: 

" Eighth Mo. 14th. — I committed to mem- 
ory the hymn of John Newton beginning: 

' What think you of Christ? is the test 
To try both your state and your scheme; 

You cannot be right in the rest 
Unless you think rightly of Him.' 

( 135) 



" Received much spiritual refreshment in 
my state-room. In presenting the loved 
ones at home before the Throne of Grace, 
there was granted a secret sense of access, 
and the assurance that they were under the 
Lord's tender, loving care. 

" Finished reading a ' Flying Trip Around 
the World,' by Elizabeth Bisland, and then 
took up Green's 'Short History of the Eng- 
lish People' enjoying greatly his vivid 
style and his vivid pictures of men and 
things. 

" 1 8th. — Went with the missionary into 
the steerage, where he has his own quarters, 
to see a sick Jap who has had several hem- 
orrhages — very weak but sweetly resting 
in the 'Everlasting Arms.' I memorized 
the tender hymn of Charles Wesley: 

' Oh for a heart to praise my God.' 

"20th. — Our eyes were rejoiced to see the 
white cliffs and bold outline of Niphon, 
veiled by a blue haze; all manner of strange 
craft, the sampan, the junk, the stately 
vessels of foreign nations presenting a va- 
ried scene. 

" On landing in Yokohama George Braith- 
waite called on us, bringing the startling 
tidings concerning our friends Inazo and 
Mary Nitobe. Instead of meeting them 
shortly, we learn that owing to the doctor's 
advice they sailed for the United States ten 
days ago. 

"George Braithwaite took us to the Bible 
House with which he is connected — a large 

C 136 ) 



well arranged building containing many 
thousands of the sacred volume in various 
forms and languages, the printing and bind- 
ing all excellently done in Japan, many 
colporteurs engaged in distribution. George 
Braithwaite having kindly urged we should 
make our home with him, the luggage was 
transferred to his house. A trip of ten days 
into the interior, was arranged for, and with 
an interpreter, Mizuno, as guide we took train 
for Kamakura; calling pleasantly on Dr. 
Whitney and his wife, nee Caroline Braith- 
waite, at their summer house overlooking 
the Bay. With them we walked along the 
shore and through the village to a famous 
shrine near by where stands the 'Dai- 
Butsu' surrounded by groves and gardens 
and hideous effigies of the ' God of Strength.' 

"At these the poor people throw bits of 
paper softened with spittle, and if they stick 
fast, the prayer is supposed to be answered ; 
the figures were thus spotted with paper- 
balls from head to foot. 

"The Dai-Butsu is of bronze cast in sec- 
tions, and is said to be the third erected at 
this spot, the present image dating about 
1300 A. D. It is nearly fifty feet high and 
represents Buddha in his ecstatic sleep the 
'Nirvana.' Several pilgrims were coming 
and going, but they, as well as the priests, 
had little seeming reverence in their devo- 
tions. 

"25th, Karuizawa. — Here a conference of 
missionaries from different fields and of 
various denominations is about to be held 

10 ( 137 ) 



for mutual edification and social intercourse. 
This affords a very favorable opening for 
just what I have desired; we were finally 
deposited at the cottage of W. T. Austin, a 
clergyman of the Church of England (who is 
in charge of the Seamen's Mission at Yoko- 
hama). Here we had been assigned our 
quarters and were soon made to feel at home, 
with himself, his wife and five little ones. 

"This proved to be the second day of the 
Conference, and we wended our way to the 
simple meeting place on the outskirts of the 
village, finding fifty of the laborers of both 
sexes, including two ladies from China (stay- 
ing at the same house as ourselves). 

"After the singing of one or more hymns, 
and a prayer, Dr. Hepburn made an address. 
He is now in his seventy-eighth year and 
had come among the first missionaries to 

iapan, on finishing his medical course at our 
Jniversity of Pennsylvania. After the 
change of heart, which as a young man he 
experienced, at every important movement 
since that time he had earnestly sought the 
Divine Guidance, and the Lord had fulfilled 
his promises in many remarkable ways, so 
he could still trust Him to the very end. 
He has prepared a very valuable English 
and Japanese Dictionary and made excellent 
translations of parts of the Bible, while 
giving careful instruction to young students 
and attending to a large practice as a physi- 
cian. His wife was asked to give some of 
her experiences in missionary house-keeping. 
This she did, in the same simple and sensible 

(138) 



way, beginning with their first home here 
in a dilapidated temple. Some good advice 
she gave to the young wives who were pre- 
sent, saying it was far better for them to 
devote their energies to seeing that their 
husbands were cared for and their children 
properly trained, than to endeavor to do 
what belonged to those who had no fami- 
lies." 

"The session of the Conference were occu- 
pied with addresses by different men — ' Per- 
sonal Consecration;' the Holy Spirit in 
Relation to Service/ 'Constraining Love;' 
'The Unchanging Christ;' and other kin- 
dred subjects were handled in an edifying 
way. 

" 27th. — B. Chappell, the vice-president of 
the Conference, having seated us by him on 
the platform, introduced us and our mission 
in these parts, saying that he felt sure 'we 
might welcome these brethren as coming 
from a branch of the Church of Christ, which 
had hitherto not been represented in these 
gatherings. And while they might differ 
in some respects from most other Christian 
bodies, as to modes of worship, and upon 
some other points, there was nothing in 
their views of Gospel Truth that ought to 
hinder us from giving them ' ' the right hand 
of fellowship.' 

" He desired that we might conduct the 
present meeting as would be most agreeable to 
our own feelings, and he knew enough of our 
ways to say, that 'it would be acceptable 
to us, if there might now be a time of solemn 

(139) 



silence for secret prayer and meditation/ 
When he ceased speaking we were favored 
with a sweet solemnity, which was broken 
by my reviving the words of our Lord's 
Prayer for his disciples, 'I in them and 
Thou in Me, that they may be one in Us, 
that the world may believe that Thou hast 
sent Me.' The ground of the oneness thus 
so tenderly prayed for, is manifestly the 
close union which must subsist between 
every living member of Christ's Church and 
its holy Head. These, though they may 
honestly differ regarding certain points of 
doctrine and practice, rejoice to know that 
''one is their Master, even Christ and in Him 
all they are brethren.' 

" My heart had, therefore, been made glad 
to find the freedom and cordiality with 
which the laborers from different fields of 
mission work in these uttermost parts of the 
earth, had come together just as they had 
done, in a strictly undenominational way 
for mutual comfort and edification. I could 
but accept it as a token for good, and I be- 
lieved the nearer we drew to our blessed 
Lord, the more precious things we should 
find we have in common. 'For Christ is 
not divided.' Nor is God the author of 
confusion, but of peace, as in all the churches 
of the saints. Especially is it important 
that in presenting the truths of the Gospel 
to a people just emerging from idolatrous 
superstitions, this should be done, not only 
with great simplicity, but that the difference 
which unhappily exist among the professors 

( 140) 



of the Christian name, should not be allowed 
to stumble them by those asperities and 
unfounded prejudices which weaken our 
own hands, and so often have hurt the cause 
of Christ. As very helpful in thus drawing 
us into greater unity of heart and purpose, 
I believed we should find it a most important 
aid, to accept in a very practical way, what 
the Lord Jesus has said concerning the 
'Comforter,' whom He also calls the 'Spirit 
of Truth,' which, when He left his disciples, 
He told them would be sent in His name, to 
'guide them into all the Truth,' to receive 
of the things of Christ and to show them to 
His faithful followers. The lessons thus 
learned at His hands, we may be assured will 
not tend to divide the Church, but to build 
it up in harmonious views, and lead to a 
closer walking with the Master. We shall 
be instructed in the deeper things of the 
Kingdom, as we are willing to accept like 
little children the teachings that will be 
thus given us, as fast as we are able to bear 
them. In this connection, I endeavored to 
bring out the views of Friends, regarding 
Divine worship, prayer and the ministry, 
especially commending to my hearers the 
value of reverential stillness before the Lord, 
as preparing the worshipper to enter the 
presence of the Most High, calling to mind 
his own injunctions, through one of the 
prophets, 'Be still and know that I am 
God.' Again, 'Keep silence before me 
Oh Islands, and let the people renew their 
strength; let them draw near,' then hear 

(141 ) 



what 'God the Lord shall say unto them,' 
reminding them also that ' the preparation 
of the heart,' as well as the ' answer of the 
tongue is of the Lord.' Our sympathies 
with them in the weighty but excellent ser- 
vice to which as ambassadors for Christ 
they and we had felt ourselves called, were 
also expressed, with the desire that in all 
our efforts to promote His cause, we may 
ever bear in mind his own emphatic words, 
'without Me ye can do nothing.' As we 
seek Him for grace and wisdom and strength 
sufficient for the service, these will not be 
withheld. We shall be each fitted for our 
part in the work of our day, and He will 
crown our labors with His blessing. 

" My dear companion followed in an ex- 
hortation to live so near the Lord, that we 
may ourselves be continually growing in 
Grace, and in the knowledge of our blessed 
Redeemer and His ways. Then he suppli- 
cated that the Divine blessing might rest 
upon those who had devoted themselves 
to the spreading of the Gospel in these lands, 
and that their labors, under the anointing 
of the Holy Spirit, might be the means of 
turning many from darkness to the light 
and blessedness of the Gospel. A solemn 
stillness again covered us. 

" Benjamin Chappell made a few remarks 
commending what had been delivered this 
morning, which he felt had been to our 
edification and comfort, and after the sing- 
ing of a hymn, the company was dismissed. 
This opportunity tended greatly to the 

(142) 



relief of my mind, and we were both made 
thankful, under a sense of the help gracious- 
ly granted us in speaking a word for our 
Lord and Master. 

" The brethren also showed much openness 
as we parted. 

" 30th. — We found Nikko to be a spot of 
wonderful beauty, the town very ancient, 
situated in a mountain pass through which 
flows the river Diagora, in rapids and cas- 
cades supplying open conduits in almost 
every street. 1 1 is approached by an avenue 
of grand cryptomerias, which extends at 
least twenty miles and is said to have been 
planted at least two hundred years ago by 
a wealthy Daimio. One hundred and a hun- 
dred and fifty feet high, the trunks are 
straight and bare of branches to one-third 
of this, when the boughs sweep gracefully 
downward. Nikko is noted for its temples, 
and is consequently the resort of pilgrims, 
who flock hither by thousands. 

"Ninth Month 3rd, 1892. — After lunch we 
took a'Kago' (pronounced Kango), being 
a box, not long enough to stretch one's self 
in, with a heavy pole running lengthwise 
through the roof; each required three por- 
ters, and with a seventh to carry our luggage, 
we clambered up the mountain steep. 
Sometimes the way was so rough, and the 
elevation of the feet above the head so 
great that, if only for comfort sake we were 
fain to relieve our bearers of their load. At 
length nestling among the mountain-tops, 
beside a peaceful lake with Fuji-San her- 

( 143 ) 



self towering above the surrounding peaks, 
we found the little town of Hakone. Our 
coolies dropt us at the 'Hafuya Hotel.' 
We left our shoes at the entrance, and slip- 
ping, as good travelers should, into straw 
sandals that were handed us, we were shown 
two roomy apartments in the second-story. 
Thrown together by sliding partitions, and 
opening upon the lake, they give a fair view 
of Fuji-San, when her face is not veiled in 
clouds. At night-fall the water was lighted 
up with quite a pretty effect, by many 
lanterns on 'prayer-floats,' set out at dif- 
ferent points by boats, and then left to 
drift with the wind. In the evening Dr. 
Imbrie, to whom we had a note of introduc- 
tion, called pleasantly. He is a leading 
clergyman connected with the Presbyterian 
Mission work at Tokyo. We were glad to 
learn that the several branches of the Pres- 
byterians in England, the United States 
and Japan, had agreed that it was for the 
best interests of this country, that these 
branches should be here united, and they 
are now known as the 'Church of Christ in 
Japan.' 

" At 3 p. m. in Brother Fisher's house, there 
came together fourteen missionaries beside 
ten Eurasian girls, ( a class only too large 
in Japan). I read the fourth of Ephesians, 
and then dear Jonathan offered an impres- 
sive prayer. I spoke with much liberty of 
the blessedness of having any service as an 
'ambassador for Christ.' Then J. in tender 
and encouraging words addressed the Chris- 

( 144 ) 



tian wives and mothers, reminding them 
that the gifts of the Holy Spirit are bestowed 
alike upon either sex, for the edification of the 
church and the winning of souls to Christ. 

"8th. — Returned to Kamakura, I again 
met Anna Setterland and Albertina Peter- 
sen, the Swedish sisters who with several 
more of their ' Free Mission ' workers intend 
to settle at different points along this coast. 

" Caroline B. Whitney and I had a pleasant 
stroll with little Bevan, through the busy 
hamlets. I much enjoyed the quiet com- 
panionship of this excellent woman, whose 
strong good sense, religious experience and 
Christian graces, impress me. As a wife, 
mother and 'Friend,' she fills a most val- 
uable place in her home and the community 
here. An interesting young Japanese re- 
turned with Dr. Whitney this evening; he 
has just completed a tour as an agent for 
the 'Scripture Union/ going one thousand 
miles in ninety days, much of the distance 
on foot, sometimes pelted with stones by 
the people; but in many respects he feels 
encouraged. His travelling expenses only 
are paid. 

"On our road to Mito, Dr. Whitney dealt 
out many a leaflet and larger tract among 
the station masters and fellow-passengers 
on the train, or threw them from the win- 
dows among the people. Twas interesting 
to watch the eagerness with which young 
and old, ran after the flying missives, and 
to see them earnestly scanning the contents. 

"Among the company at our meeting at 

( 145 ) 



Mito, was a young man who is a teacher in 
the government school here, who felt strong- 
ly opposed to Christianity on various 
grounds, and had never before attended a 
meeting of Christians. When it was over 
he expressed himself well pleased with what 
he had heard, and said he would come again 
this afternoon. 

" 19th. — We started for Tsushiura, about 
thirty miles to the south east of Mito. With 
two sinewy coolies to each jinrikisha, ' tan- 
dem fashion/ we made excellent time, while 
the over-cast sky and cooler air rendered 
travelling quite comfortable. The road was 
thickly set with hamlets and smaller towns. 
Ishioka, one of the latter about midway of 
the journey, being quite a thrifty little place, 
where various industries were being carried 
on, and numerous shops supplied the wares 
for town and country folk. Indeed it was 
most interesting as we trotted along to peep 
into the open houses throughout the whole 
route, where the industrious inmates were 
plying their tasks: now a family of basket- 
makers, then a silk winding household; 
others weaving or spinning with their simple 
machinery, while occasionally the clink of 
a smithy was to be heard, or a cooper ham- 
mering at his staves, the whole road was 
alive with pedestrians, often heavily laden, 
or leading their little horses with loads of 
all sorts, sometimes so enveloping them that 
head and feet only were visible, and like 
walking hay-stacks, or piles of wood, they 
moved along. At our destination a meeting 

( 146 ) 



for the public had been called, the room was 
filled, and then the doorway and windows 
crowded with eager faces. Our young 
Friend Mayama offered a short prayer and 
after a time of silence I referred to the 
teachings contained in the 'Sermon on the 
Mount/ and remarked that though there 
are many religions in the world, yet I knew 
of none that taught such good things as the 
religion of the Lord Jesus. It is good, not 
only for the people in America, but those 
in Japan, and indeed for all the world. 
'Now do not you see,' I asked, 'that if 
men and women did but believe and follow 
this religion, they would no longer try to 
cheat and deceive one another in their deal- 
ings; when a man made a promise he would 
keep it. He could neither lie nor steal. 
When he is wronged by another, he will 
forgive that man, instead of returning eviL 
for evil. Men and women would not lead 
low unchaste lives, but be pure and virtuous; 
quarrels and fights between men would cease 
and nations would no longer need great war- 
ships and forts and armies, because there 
would be no more war. I was sorry to have 
to say that many who call themselves 
Christians do not live as though they be- 
lieved in what they profess. They do many 
things which the religion of Jesus forbids, 
so they cannot be rightly called his disciples. 
It is not such Christianity as this that we 
want your people to believe in, but we hope 
that those who hear us to-night will think 
a great deal about these things, and if you 

( 147 ) 



want to know more about what the blessed 
Saviour did and taught when He was on 
earth, you will find it in the Bible which our 
good friend Dr. Whitney would help you 
to get for yourselves. As a knowledge of 
this holy book spreads among your people, 
we hope that Japan will be filled with real 
Christians, for that would be one of the best 
things that could happen to your country.' 

''Dr. Whitney followed in an earnest appeal 
to the hearts and consciences of his hearers. 
Close attention was paid throughout by 
most of the company, and after many had 
left the house, a number of bright-faced 
young men, gathered in our corner in the 
hope we might have something to say 
especially to them. My dear companion 
was soon given a brief message which seemed 
suited to their case, while the doctor and I 
had also something to offer for their counsel 
and encouragement. On returning to our 
hotel, rugs were spread on the floor of the 
upper room, mosquito bars had been stretch- 
ed about them, and though the 'priest 
pillows' were about six inches across by 
twelve inches long, and mounted upon 
little wooden stools, we passed a fairly 
comfortable night. 

" In our walk we passed companies of 
convicts from the jail chained two and two, 
and hauling with little push-carts gravel 
from the river shoals for mending the streets. 
They were well clothed and looked well fed, 
and though officers with swords gave them 
their orders, there seemed no severity in 

( 148) 



their treatment. We passed near the castle 
of an old Daimio of Sendai which is among 
the objects of historical interest. Near this 
is his tomb, and on either side the graves of 
twelve of his samurai, who slew themselves 
at his death, as an act of love and devotion. 
"Ninth Month 26th, 1892. — Having ac- 
ceded to the request of the Faculty to meet 
the students at the Presbyterian College, I 
spoke to them upon the advantages offered 
by such an Institution as theirs, both from 
an intellectual and a religious standpoint. I 
trusted they would clearly see that neither 
their own highest interests, nor those of 
their country will be met by the mere train- 
ing of the intellect, and the acquisition of 
scientific knowledge; but that the heart, as 
well as the head, needs to be brought into 
harmony with the Divine government. 
In my own country, where the great mass 
of the people had received a fair degree of 
education, this alone was found insufficient 
to prevent a vast amount of vice and crime. 
Our jails were by no means filled with the 
sensual and the ignorant, but large numbers 
of young men who had used their fine talents 
and liberal education for base purposes, 
were to be found among the prisoners. In- 
stead of filling places of trust and usefulness, 
they had been early wrecked, as to reputa- 
tion and happiness. Through a lack of 
high principle to govern their actions, they 
had fallen beneath the temptations that 
assail the young and unwary. In studying 
the history of other nations, I trusted they 

( 149 ) 



would be convinced that true national 
strength and greatness does not consist in 
the completeness of military or naval power 
which may be developed by them, but in 
the wisdom of the rulers, and the virtue of 
the people. The more there are of God- 
fearing men and women in a country, the 
more that country will be blessed ana pros- 
pered. Their influence will be felt in the 
various departments of business, and in the 
social relations of life. They will impart an 
elevated tone to the whole community, and 
exercise a controlling power over the govern- 
ment. This is the element which we believe 
will grow stronger and stronger in Japan, 
if the pure teachings of the Gospel come to 
be accepted and followed. 

Tokio, Ninth Month 28th. 

" Paid an interesting visit to Dr. Whitney's 
hospital, founded in memory of his mother, 
with funds which had been originally given 
by her friends for erecting a monument. 
The buildings are small, but well adapted 
to the number of patients, which could 
scarcely exceed twenty. Dr. Whitney visits 
it daily, but a resident Japanese physician, 
a skilful and experienced practitioner and 
withal a devoted Christian, is the superin- 
tendent. 

" First-day. We all attended the Friends' 
Meeting in a substantial plain structure of 
frame capable of seating one hundred and 
fifty. Many pupils came from the girls' 
school which is within the same enclosure. 

(150) 



M. Kuno spoke of the strangers who had 
come from abroad to visit them, and after 
a time of silence dear Isaac Sharp arose and 
in short pointed sentences was favored to 
set clearly before his hearers some of the 
simple truths of the Gospel, Medzumo inter- 
preting. A man offered prayer, and then I 
spoke. At our Bible reading this morning 
I felt called to supplicate on behalf of our 
friend I. Sharp, in view of the extensive 
service for his Divine Master yet before him 
in China and other distant lands. 

"To our astonishment who should appear 
to-day but Inazo Nitobe, who had spent one 
week in Philadelphia and hastened back to 
Japan. With M. A. Gundry we passed 
through the school building and the house 
occupied by J. Cosand and his wife, all of 
which are judiciously planned, the premises 
well located with a fine outlook over the 
bay, as well as the adjoining country. 
After dinner and a rest, we saw the pupils 
together, their ages ranging from ten to 
eighteen, and many of them have good and 
pleasing faces. The evening passed quickly 
in reading some of the shorter poems of our 
beloved poet, J. G. Whittier, the tidings of 
whose death had just reached us. 

"Tenth Month, 12th. — Lunching at a 
tea-house, we visited a home for earthquake 
orphans, where some forty children were 
employed in making lanterns, the materials 
chiefly bamboo and paper, at which some of 
the little girls were working most deftly. 
Each had her part, and in another building 

( 151 ) 



old men and women were preparing the 
bamboo splints for the frame-work. From 
the sale of the goods a large part of the 
expenses of the establishment are defrayed. 
Another building was devoted to the em- 
broidery of kerchiefs, mostly of silk, the 
work upon which is exceedingly neat and 
pretty. For this also there is good demand, 
both in Japan and the United States. The 
girls by close industry, can earn six 'sen' 
worth a day, and three 'sen' would pay 
for a day's fair supply of food; indeed, we 
have heard of a man and his wife who sub- 
sist upon two 'sen' worth a day between 
them. Many, if not most of the girls at the 
Ogaki 'Employment House' have been res- 
cued from a life of shame, for which their 
parents or relatives would have sold them, 
with little compunction. Others were ut- 
terly friendless, but for the kind Christians 
who have thus cared for them. They have 
now learned a trade, whereby a fairly remun- 
erative and honest living can be earned, 
and some have become Christians. Besides 
the employment provided for the young and 
able, the aged, sick or crippled survivors 
of the earthquake are being cared for. . . 
In Kyoto, a lady teacher from the Doshisha 
Girls' School, called to ask if we would 
address their students in the morning, and 
a member of the Y. M. C. A. connected with 
the government school, came with a similar 
request on behalf of the Association. I did 
not feel willing to decline either, and ar- 
ranged for to-morrow. 

(152) 



"Next morning we were at the girls' 
school, and after their Scripture reading, 
and hymn most sweetly sung, I spoke briefly 
to the young women concerning the hand 
of their Heavenly Father, who we might 
well believe had brought them hither. We 
now went to the 'Doshisha' Boys' College. 
Here are substantial and commodious build- 
ings for the scientific and theological depart- 
ment, together with a chapel and dormi- 
tories. The whole is enclosed in about 
thirty acres and is the development of the 
Institution originally founded by J. Neisima, 
a native Christian, whose life and character 
were marked by singular purity and integ- 
rity of purpose. The collegiate course is 
four years. The total number of boys is 
five hundred and sixty-five, and of girls 
sixty-five, the nurses' training school and 
hospital being on the same grounds. 

"Kyoto has been called 'the Rome of 
Buddhism;' here are many temples and 
groves in good repair. In one of the gor- 
geous buildings, I observed a poor woman 
with a pack on her back and a boy by her 
side, and she knelt for a long time, and when 
her supplications were ended, the boy ten- 
derly took her hand, and as they descended 
the steps, I marked her weeping but sight- 
less eyes. May not God accept the petitions 
of such a one, physically and spiritually 
blinded though she be? 

"At one of the temples are figures in 
stone of one thousand goddesses, leading 
to an image of one of their deities. The 

n ( 153 ) 



god of Healing is approached reverently 
by ailing people, who rub his body and then 
themselves several times. 

"The teachings of Buddhism are distinctly 
atheistic, there being nothing higher than 
Buddha, who is the highest type of human- 
ity, a condition to which all may attain by 
pure and noble culture. I ts doctrine regard- 
ing creation is materialistic and requires 
neither a first Great Cause nor a Supreme 
Ruler. As a consequence the intelligent 
Japanese, losing faith in the mummeries of 
the priests, find it easy to accept the views 
of the English and German sceptics and are 
eager for their writings 

"Tenth Month 27th. — Taking a large 
steamer we crossed from the island of 
Niphon to the fine harbor of Hakodate and 
were soon at Sapporo in Inazo Nitobe's 
modest home, comfortable, compared with 
the dwellings we have grown accustomed to 
in Japan. He went with us to the Agricul- 
tural College connected with two hundred 
and fifty acres of fertile land. A number 
of improved farm implements have been 
procured, together with seeds and live stock 
from England and the United States. The 
students have plots assigned them for 
experiments with new seeds, tree culture, 
and the use of fertilizers. The crop of 
Indian corn has been good this season, and 
winter wheat looks well, while grass is still 
growing luxuriantly. Indeed it is manifest 
in all directions, that the soil and climate 
of the 'Hokkaido' are well adapted to grass, 

( 154) 



thus pointing to the raising of cattle and 
dairy products. 

"At the museum we were accompanied 
by Kintaro Oshima; there is a valuable 
collection of Ainu clothing, manufactures, 
and implements, which it is well to have 
preserved, since this aboriginal race is fast 
wasting away under intoxicating drinks 
and the debasing habits which follow. 
Among the methods for the development of 
the Hokkaido have been the establishment 
of military colonies, whereby five acres of 
land and a house with seed and implements, 
are allotted free of cost to men with families, 
on condition that they serve in the army 
for a part of each year. Arrived at Ichi- 
kishiri we walked to the prison, a series of 
low buildings made of hewn logs. The cells 
hold from four to eight prisoners ; the worst 
penalty is solitary confinement with reduced 
rations. All the convicts here have been 
sentenced for twelve years or for life. They 
number in all twenty-six hundred, half of 
whom are in the coal mines, the remainder 
are employed in various handicrafts. 

"31st. — On the train the Viconte Eno- 
motto asked to be introduced to us as com- 
ing from the United States; he has been 
Admiral and is now Privy-councillor to the 
Emperor, a man of great ability and intelli- 
gence, and we journeyed together for some 
days most agreeably and profitably. 

"Returned to Sapporo, we were invited 
to meet a company of sixty young men, 
and the occasion was a favored one; several 

( 155) 



being slow to part with us. One wished 
me to advise him what books he should read, 
and of course the Best of Books was put 
first, with some suggestions as to methods 
for private reading. Another said he had 
been very much impressed with my explana- 
tion of silent worship, for the possibility of 
this was a new thought to him. A third, 
who seemed unwilling to go when the last 
of his companions had bade us farewell, in 
a broken voice said: 'I want to be a Chris- 
tian, but will you not tell me how I can 
stick?' I tried to reassure his faltering 
faith in the unfailing Friend and Helper of 
the helpless; the virtue and power to be 
found in fervent prayer and the experiences 
of the Lord's children in their times of need. 

"Tokio, Eleventh Month 6th. 

" With C. B. Whitney and her little Bevan, 
who wondered if he might take Samuel 
Morris's hand, we walked to the Friends' 
Meeting-house; here gathered the usual 
company, but among them were cousins 
Mary Morris and dear Mary M. Haines lately 
arrived. The former had for us a communi- 
cation, and I thought her words carried 
unction. It was hard to keep my eyes from 
the latter, so closely associated is she with 
our own home life, while the purpose of 
her coming to take part in the mission 
school, the struggle it has cost her to leave 
her loved ones, and for them to give her up, 
only strengthens the affection that has long 
united us. 

( 156 ) 



" nth. — At the Bible House assorting our 
books for distribution, by mail or otherwise; 
Admiral Enomotto receiving a copy of 
'Brief Biography of Wm. Penn' and the 
Philadelphia 'Address on War' with a kindly 
note." 

A voyage of five days brought our travel- 
lers to Hong-Kong, in China, and here a week 
or more had to be passed in waiting for the 
steamer to Australia. The occupation of 
the city by the British since 1842, gives it a 
handsome appearance among the fine resi- 
dences and broad winding avenues; — "the 
contrast, however, is most striking as com- 
pared with the dingy, dirty, narrow streets 
of the Chinese quarters, and the wretched 
homes, if such they can be called, where 
the natives eke out their existence. Two 
thousand British troops stationed here, the 
great cannon yawning with open mouths, 
made us recall the method by which Hong- 
Kong came into the hands of the stranger; 
the cruel purpose of the war, and the untold 
evil which the introduction of opium had 
entailed upon the teeming millions of China. 
By superior force all this had been brought 
about, and by might rather than right can 
the ill-gotten gain now be held. As we 
passed along we were grieved to see women 
employed as we had seldom seen in Japan. 
At one point, staggering under loads of 
building-material slung on poles, was a 
train that came and went wearily, but with 
a patient acceptance of their lot that was 
most touching. 

(157) 



"Eleventh Mo. 21, 1892. — From our mis- 
sionary friends at the Victoria Hotel, where 
we lodged, we learned of a Union meeting, 
and were welcomed by Pastor Bonfield. 
The dear Master did help us to set forth the 
nature of the Christian's high calling. Ac- 
companying our newly found friend, we 
called at the Alice 'Memorial Hospital/ 
founded in 1887 in loving memory of Alice, 
wife of Dr. Hakai. Here, without distinc- 
tion as to race or religion, the sick belonging to 
the poorer classes of Hong-Kong are treated 
and medicines dispensed free of charge. Dr. 
Thomson who is at the head of the medical 
staff, is also in the mission service. Eighty 
cases are generally in the wards. Evangel- 
istic efforts and professional work here pro- 
ceed side by side. We next visited the Gov- 
ernment School, where seven hundred and 
fifty boys of various races work very kindly 
together, the Chinese outstripping the others ; 
many of the teachers are also Chinese. 

"Eleventh Month 28th. — Took an even- 
ing steamer for Canton, and arrived there in 
the morning, selecting ' Ah Cum, Jr./ as 
guide. We followed his suggestion for a 
short ride in chairs, with three bearers each. 
The population of this city is two million; 
the streets six to ten feet wide, the houses 
several stories high, made the throngs dense 
and noisy. The silk-weavers, the workers 
in carved ivory, the painters on rice paper, 
we saw in their little shops, but not a woman 
was thus employed. We were now taken 
to Examination Hall, where students are 

( 158) 



tested; upon obtaining three degrees they 
are sent to Pekin, where they may become 
Mandarins. We saw ten thousand little 
cells, and here eight thousand students come 
annually to pass the ordeal, for three days 
and nights, patroled by police. After visit- 
ing the prison, we could but contrast the 
lamentable condition in the treatment of 
criminals, with the humane system of Japan, 
and the almost complete abolition of the 
death penalty which it so wisely enacted. 

"We found another phase of Canton life 
in the two hundred thousand River Folk. 
Whole generations are born, live and die in 
the curious floating houses with which the 
river teems. There being no railroads to 
connect the larger towns, the freight is 
mainly carried in boats; as the housekeeping 
on these junks is limited, the mother and her 
girls take the heavy end of the laboring oar, 
they become thorough adepts in navigation ; 
it is astonishing to watch one of these water- 
mothers, springing nimbly through her boat, 
seizing an oar or hoisting a sail, while the 
little one strapped to her back, sleeps on as 
if rocked to slumber. As evening closed 
about us, we could watch the boat-man and 
his family crew, by the cheerful fire gathering 
around the rice bowl, nor were they long in 
emptying it; the curtains dropped about 
the caboose, the joss-sticks devoutly lighted 
in the stern, and the weary parents and 
their little ones sleep, I can well believe, 
more comfortably than many a household 
on the foul and crowded shore." 

( 159 ) 



The voyage southward proved a rough 
one; the Philippines, Celebes and other im- 
portant islands were passed, and the balmy 
airs, fragrant with spices, were refreshing. 

At Macao a Roman Catholic Bishop with 
three priests came on board bound for Timor, 
a ten days' voyage. Referring to them the 
Journal continues: "I trust that our Pro- 
testantism will not suffer by any lack of a 
Christian spirit. At their destination they 
were met by a hearty welcome by the 'Sis- 
ters of Mercy ' and their pupils, who, kneel- 
ing about the bishop, and kissing his hand 
reverently and joyfully, led him within. So 
far as we can learn he seems justly beloved 
by his flock, and as we glanced through the 
gateway and marked the good kind faces of 
the 'Sisters/ the neatly dressed and bright, 
happy girls around them, it was evident 
that the work of 'the church' has told for 
good among these benighted Malays. 

" Australia, Twelfth Month 11th, 1892. 

At Port Darwin, the government physician, 
after inspecting the health of the ship's com- 
pany, kindly proposed that Jonathan and I 
should accompany him to the jail. On the 
way we passed several squads of the natives, 
exceedingly tall and black, with bad faces, 
the men wearing a short skirt, the women a 
little longer one, while the children went 
utterly unclothed; they cultivate nothing, 
live a roving life, their only shelter being a 
rude booth which in the rainy season they 
make by bending together boughs of trees 

(160) 



and covering with a few leaves; their food is 
game, snakes, roots and berries, beside what 
they can get by thieving, and there is no 
doubt as to their cannibalism. A band of 
Jesuits has undertaken to do what it can for 
this miserable race, and these laudable efforts 
are meeting with some success. The only 
idea of religion of these blacks seems to be 
of the lowest and vilest character. In the 
jail we were shown eight of them under ar- 
rest for a recent cold-blooded murder of six 
men; they were all in heavy irons. Mines 
of gold, copper and tin are the most profita- 
ble resources of Port Darwin; mother-of- 
pearl, too, had been gathered last year, 
amounting to four tons, each valued at 
1 6o£." Leaving this northern point our 
travellers followed the eastern coast of the 
continent, sailing, among the dangerous 
coral reefs off Queensland. 

"Twelfth Month 18th, 1892. — First-day on 
shipboard was held with the captain and 
most of his officers, again it seemed to us the 
dear Master had been near to help us, and I 
inwardly blessed His holy Name. Arrived at 
Rockhampton, we saw the timber of this 
level country, in a sickly or dying condition 
owing to the ravages of the white ant. This 
town is prettily situated on either side of 
the Fitzroy River; corrugated iron for 
roofs and even sides of buildings, gives a 
cheerful air, and well-built roads and side- 
walks set with trees, bespeak the thorough- 
going habits of the English race. 

The actual number of Friends here seems 

( 161 ) 



few, but a number of attenders are impressed 
with our views, and in their meeting this 
evening, after our certificates were read, I 
spoke upon the broad character of Gospel 
love. Francis Hopkins and his brother 
William are both in the book-selling and sta- 
tionery business, busy at this holiday time, 
but heartily desirous of helping us in every 
way. Felicia Hopkins is a bright, genial, 
earnest little woman, the mother of four 
children, and yet full of good works for the 
benefit of others. Withal she has written 
well for the Australian Friend. 

"First-day and 'Christmas.' The day 
was fair and not oppressively hot. In 
the evening the frogs, whose stentorian 
voices almost startled us, and crickets that 
sing many times shriller than ours, were 
making melody all around us; I could but 
think of my own dear home on the other side 
of the world, where mid-winter with its ice 
and snow may be storming furiously. 

"Twelfth Mo. 30th, 1892.— At Kalka. To- 
ward eight o'clock a number of children and 
several neighbors gathered. I illustrated 
what I had to say about very young chil- 
dren becoming disciples of the Lord Jesus, 
by a brief account of my dear little nephew, 
'Perot,' his short, but lovely life! his minis- 
try and the sweet savor that he left behind 
him in the sorrowing home, from which he 
was so early called away. 

"On New Year's-day, the morning, with 
an almost cloudless sky, betokened another 
day of scorching heat, thermometer soon 

( 162) 



registering ninety-eight degrees, but there 
is here an absence of moisture that made 
the "weather of Japan so hard to bear. 
At Maryboro, a pleasant little town, we 
sought the home of Matilda Barrimore, for 
to visit her and her children we had come. 
She scarely let us reach the gate of her neat 
cottage, when she came with hands ex- 
tended to give us welcome. Her husband's 
death left her with four young children, and 
on parting we trusted that our labors there 
had 'not been in vain in the Lord.' Passing 
Gympie, we found it a gold mining town, 
and came upon a company of the Salvation 
Army; a woman not young but full of earnest 
zeal, set forth some excellent doctrines, to 
which we could fully subscribe. Next we 
found ourselves among wonderful trees, 
vines and palms, such as we had met nowhere 
else, the Orchid tribe in great variety, tree- 
ferns, tree-grass and a parasite which clasped 
the great Eucalyptus trunks and in a few 
years destroyed them. 

"Arrived at Woombye, we were met with 
horses and saddles to carry us seven miles 
farther to Buderum Mountain, the home of 
Joseph Dixon; he owns upwards of two 
thousand acres, but taxes make this bur- 
densome; we saw coffee growing and banan- 
as, also sugar-cane in different stages of 
growth; the Kanakas were tilling it with 
heavy hoes; the cane is planted from slips 
and takes eighteen months to mature, when 
it is ten feet high. We had a meeting with 
some of the townspeople, who expressed 

( 163 ) 



themselves well satisfied with what they 
had heard, and some said it would be good 
if they could often have meetings held in the 
Friends' way ; we also met with fifteen of the 
Kanakas, and were glad to find that J. Dixon 
collects them for religious instruction on 
First-day, and they are taught reading at 
other times making rapid progress." (These 
laborers come from neighboring islands.) 

" Namborn, First Month 10, 1893. 

"Taking breakfast with the Mitchell 
brothers and their wives, we had a refreshing 
opportunity together, David especially im- 
presses us as a very valuable man. Thor- 
oughly convinced of the views of Friends, 
and with the courage to maintain them, 
fairly educated, with much good sense and 
straightforwardness of purpose, we shall 
look to his future course with no little inter- 
est. Agnes, the wife of Marshall, is a bright, 
capable woman, and withal of a tender spirit. 
As I bade her farewell, she could only bury 
her face in her hands to conceal the feelings 
that were stirring within. So we left this 
secluded spot in the 'Bush,' rejoicing that 
the seed of the kingdom even here has fallen 
on good ground, is ready to spring up and 
we may trust will yet bring forth much pre- 
cious fruit. 

"In another town we had a call from a 
man who, through intemperate habits, had 
become a complete sot, and as a consequence 
is much straightened in his circumstances. 
Happily this downward course has been ef- 

C 164 ) 



fectually arrested through the wonder-work- 
ing power of Divine Grace, of which he re- 
gards himself a striking monument. He is 
frequently, as we understand, heard in the 
meeting here in testimony to the love and 
sparing mercy that have rescued him from 
the pit. Thus having been much forgiven 
he now 'loved much.' He may well rejoice, 
though it be 'with trembling/ at his deliver- 
ance from the cruel bondage under which he 
long groaned, while the happiness of the wife 
seems complete, as she moves about her 
now peaceful habitation, or tends her pretty 
flowers by the door, and at the 'bough 
house/ where she has a fine collection of ferns 
and orchids. 

" Australia, First Month 23, 1893. 

"One hundred miles on the Brisbane 
Southern Railroad took us in a westerly 
course, timber was often heavy, and we 
caught glimpses of distant mountain ranges, 
the soil brown and fertile, with luxuriant 
crops of wheat, oranges, figs and grapes. 

"Toowoomba, a town of eight thousand 
inhabitants, has an altitude of two thousand 
feet above the sea, and it is noted for its 
healthfulness. Cornelius Burtt, Edward 
and Emma Dann have interesting homes. 
We had a long talk upon various topics ; they 
evidently desire to do what they can to 
promote our principles in the world at large. 

"Taking a coach, we were soon upon the 
'Darling Downs/ which are vast prairies, 
with sparsely scattered eucalyptus trees; 

(165) 



large tracts of these have been girdled, thus 
giving a desolate aspect, but throughout 
this drive of thirty-eight miles there were 
continuous wire fences, enclosing 'stations;' 
each contains thousands of acres, with a 
homestead and outbuildings of the squatter, 
while his flocks range at will. 

"After running our team of three horses 
under the unsparing lash of the driver's long 
whip, the jaded beasts were turned into a 
< paddock' of one hundred acres to refresh 
themselves for the return trip; the field was 
scoured for recruits, and again we dashed 
away amid lashing and shouting till my ears 
ached and I felt almost sore myself from 
sympathy with the poor brutes ; the road be- 
came very heavy and had we not all gotten 
out, the coach would have probably been 
swamped. 

"At Domville we were made heartily wel- 
come by good Henry and Deborah Walpole, 
who are Irish Friends, not very long from the 
mother country, and so completely isolated 
from congenial society, social or religious, 
that they fully appreciated the effort we had 
made to reach them. In the desire to bene- 
fit his neighbors, Henry Walpole has been 
in the way of collecting them together on 
First-days for some simple religious service, 
and in view of our coming, had arranged for 
a meeting this evening at the 'chapel.' 
Hither came about five and twenty, several 
of them young persons, who make no pro- 
fession of religion. Henry Walpole read 
impressively a chapter. J. E. Rhoads spoke 

(166) 



excellently from the prophecy of Isaiah, 
'Thou shalt call his Name Jesus, for He 
shall save his people from their sins,' and I 
from our Lord's declaration, ' I, if I be lifted 
up from the earth, will draw all men unto 
Me.' 

"Second Month 2nd, 1893. — We find Syd- 
ney a well built city with an air of age and 
stability we had not met with thus far in 
Australia. Many of the public buildings 
and stores are large and architecturally 
quite handsome. The streets thoughout 
always broad, are clean and well-kept, many 
of them being paved with blocks of gum- 
wood, making a very smooth and solid sur- 
face, while the footways are largely of flag- 
ging or asphalt. They are thronged with 
people and vehicles, busses and hansoms 
being numerous, while a steam tram-way 
runs through various sections, and steam 
ferries connect the two sides of the bay. The 
channels are deep, and vessels of heavy 
draft find safe moorings at almost any point. 
The population of the municipality is two 
hundred and fifty thousand, although in- 
cluding the numerous suburbs it is broadly 
stated at four hundred thousand. 

"Our friend, William Cooper, met us at 
the railroad station. He is manager for a 
branch of Cadbury's Cocoa Manufactory, 
England, and with all the gentleness and 
kindliness of his nature, a very capable man 
of business. John Baker makes us most 
free in his cutlery shop, where we assort and 
distribute our books. We took tea with 

(167) 



Hannah Fowler, a dear old lady of eighty, 
using a crutch, but full of good-will. Living 
near the meeting-house, she expects the 
young men of the adult school and their 
teachers to dine with her on First-day, and 
Friends generally to make themselves at 
home at her cottage. At this school we 
found about twenty men with open Bibles 
before them, and their subject was the Lord's 
Prayer, more especially the verse on 'daily 
bread.' One young man urged with warmth 
the claims of the poor upon the rich, his 
thoughts manifestly running in the Socialis- 
tic lines now rife in the Colonies, but William 
Cooper wisely turned the current into more 
profitable channels, and other speakers 
showed they had a clearer perception of the 
meaning of the prayer. This opened the 
way for me to make some general remarks 
on the reverent spirit in which we should 
always approach the consideration of the 
Holy Scripture, and especially the teachings 
of our Lord. Having been invited to take 
tea with Helen Neave, we took a small 
steamer up the bay to Northwood. It is a 
pretty, quiet spot, the house is small, em- 
bowered in trees and shrubbery, and with a 
fine outlook over parts of the city and bay. 
It would have been a great pleasure to have 
met Joseph James Neave, who is now on a 
visit of gospel love to the Stundists of Rus- 
sia. While laboring in a widely different 
field from ourselves, there is good reason for 
believing that he is under the eye and direc- 
tion of the same blessed Master. Helen 

(168) 



Neave showed us many interesting papers 
in connection with her husband's engage- 
ments in our Southern States, near the close 
of the civil war, besides relics and curiosities 
of various kinds. She and her daughter, 
Nellie, are especially fond of 'pets/ A 
young horse and a cow in the paddock 
seemed only used to caresses and kindness. 
A tame magpie and sea gulls hopped about, 
two Newfoundland dogs, a pretty cat and 
canaries, a handsome cockatoo and a cage of 
smaller birds completed the happy family. 

"Australia, Second Month 9, 1893. 

"We took a tram-car for Botany Bay. 
The sewage of Sydney is principally deliv- 
ered here, and across the inlet is a tract of 
light soil where it is utilized, first by flood- 
ing the land with the liquid portion, and then 
treating it with the more solid part, as pre- 
pared for the purpose in a drying and mixing 
department. The result is that astonishing 
crops are raised for the Sydney market, 
while the rental from the land adds materi- 
ally to the revenues of the city. 

"Australia, Second Month 17, 1893. 

"We took train for Granville to have 
supper with T. Cawood and his wife, both 
useful people; he was for ten years a soldier 
in the British army, at one time in the 
Crimean war, and later in service in India. 
He supposes he has walked four thousand 
miles during their marches in India, and has 
been in fierce engagements, but never re- 

12 ( 169 ) 



ceived a serious wound himself, and is thank- 
ful to believe he never killed a man. Being 
now heartily enlisted under the 'Prince of 
Peace/ he uses very effectively his experi- 
ences in the horrors of the battle-field for 
condemning war in all its aspects. This 
afternoon had been arranged for a little ex- 
cursion for us, and the Friends and attend- 
ers of the meeting generally had been invited 
to join it. Forty of us entering the little 
steamer Pacific toward 2.30 we pushed into 
the harbor, and passed the Botanic Gardens, 
the fort, the light-houses and the floating 
powder magazines. In a cove under the 
shelter of a projecting rock, the kettle was 
slung, and a fire kindled for making the tea. 
With some of the bright maidens of the party 
we climbed up the rough hill-side where we 
gathered crimson 'Christmas Bells,' also 
several yellow and purple flowers that we had 
not met before, and returned for the 'picnic' 
on the boat. We had a refreshing interview 
with dear Helena Creeth, who though young 
in years, is endeavoring to bear patiently 
and. faithfully her share of the burdens of the 
church. Her time is largely occupied in a 
trimming store, but she gives private lessons 
in drawing and painting. Our words seemed 
timely and helpful, especially under the 
weighty duties of an Overseer which have 
been latterly laid upon her, but for which 
she seems peculiarly fitted. 



( 170 ) 



"Australia, Second Month 27, 1893. 

"At Sydney the parting time had now 
come, and from the steamer we could only see 
the fluttering signals of our friends on the 
quay, then the beautiful city was left with 
mingled feelings, as we recalled all that had 
passed during our sojourn among the breth- 
ren here, while we could but reverently be- 
lieve that our poor labors would not go un- 
blessed. 

"With the morning light we were abreast 
of the Tasmanian coast, which presents a 
bold, bare, craggy front. The rocks are evi- 
dently of volcanic origin, and we passed long 
lines of almost perpendicular basaltic col- 
umns, quite reminding one of the 'Giant's 
Causeway.' Against many of these, the sea 
broke wildly, and the whole scenery was 
highly picturesque. Hobart is situated at 
the end of a fine sweeping harbor, with deep 
soundings throughout, has a population of 
thirty thousand, and rises along the harbor, 
first by a gentle slope, and then stretches 
upon the hills that form the background, 
while Mount Wellington, forty-two hundred 
feet high, towers just beyond the lower 
heights. Hawthorne hedges divide the 
fields in the outskirts, and the road-sides are 
set with briar roses, whose blossoms still 
peep out from the hips that mark the earlier 
summer-time. The people, their faces and 
their very gait, are decidedly English, and 
the whole place suggests a dear little town of 
Cumberland or Yorkshire, with all its belong- 

(171 ) 



ings, having been quietly dropped upon Tas- 
mania. As we landed, T. and E. Mather in 
their light carriage soon brought us to their 
pretty home on one of the hill sides, their 
brother Robert in a house adjoining, with 
his genial wife and a large flock of chubby 
children. 

"Tasmania, Third Month 2nd, 1893. 

"With Henry Pollard, we called at the 
Boarding School under the care of Hobart 
Friends, aided by those in England; sim- 
plicity and good management characterized 
the whole. Samuel Clemes is the Principal, 
his wife Mary is the Matron as well as in- 
structor of French and German, six teachers 
and three assistants make the staff; the 
number of pupils is one hundred and forty; 
forty of whom are Friends, the boarders 
are expected to attend the meetings with 
their teachers. Co-education is a new 
thing at Hobart but steadily gaining favor, 
the older children gathered at our request 
and we both addressed them at some length. 

"Tasmania, Hobart, Third Month 7th, 1893. 

"The Annual Meeting now began; Epis- 
tles from Auckland and Melbourne were 
read, the consideration of four Queries 
followed, while our certificates met with 
expressions of welcome. Alice Pierce re- 
ferred to the injurious effects of the Naval 
vessels that frequently come to Hobart, 
and desired Friends might not be tempted 
to visit the ships where the marines are 
drilling, and so seem to countenance the 

( 172) 



war system in any way. I followed in the 
same direction, expressing the view that it 
is the display, or what has been called the 
'pomp and circumstance of war/ that is one 
of the most active and powerful agencies in 
carrying it on. If this shall lose its attrac- 
tiveness for the community the interest which 
is felt in military glory would in large meas- 
ure cease, and horror would take the place 
of admiration for those who are training for 
deeds of blood, or the fearful machinery by 
which warfare is carried. 

"9th. — We called on John Henry, the 
Colonial treasurer of Tasmania, who had 
expressed a wish to meet with us. We found 
him at his office, and evidently a man of 
affairs. He seemed to have given much 
attention to the course of events in the 
United States, and to realize that the Aus- 
tralian Colonies will do well to study our 
system of government, and learn the secret 
of its success. He asked us many questions, 
which we endeavored to answer wisely, and 
to let him see that we have, with all our 
prosperity, sources of serious weakness which 
we would have younger nations to guard 
against. In the course of the interview, 

the colonial secretary, Douglass, came 

in, who seemed to be of a different type from 
the treasurer, and rather cynically inclined. 
With a variety of thrusts at America and 
American institutions, he sought to throw 
us off our guard, and to draw from us some 
statement that we might afterward regret. 
We hope however, that neither our country, 

( 173 ) 



nor our profession suffered at our hands, 
and we all parted pleasantly. 

" At another session of the annual meeting 
was urged the importance of a closer union 
between Friends in Australasia, and their 
foundation of a Yearly Meeting. In this 
we encouraged them, and suggested a con- 
ference of delegates. 

"A social entertainment included the 
Friends and the school in a trip up the 
Derwent River; older and younger full of 
enjoyment. I found a delightful companion 
in Sarah, the daughter of George W. Walker, 
who was so closely associated with James 
Backhouse in his Gospel labors in these 
Colonies and South Africa. 

"Tasmania, Hobart, Third Month 13th, 1893. 

"We went to the last sitting of the annual 
meeting and I could not comfortably see it 
close without addressing the sisters in regard 
to a free indulgence in dress — the tyranny 
which those are under, who follow the cap- 
rices of fashion, and the liberty they enjoy 
who adopt a simple garb and keep to it. 
For their encouragement, I referred to some 
of the dear missionary women we had met, 
the simplicity of whose dress was so striking 
that we could but ask for a reason. The 
prompt explanation was that when they 
gave their hearts to the Lord and His service, 
they felt they must turn their backs on the 
world." 

15th. — A westward journey by steamer 

( 174) 



and rail brought our travellers to a mining 
town, Zeehan. Silver, lead, copper and gold 
are profitable, "but business is depressed — 
the first wild rush and wilder speculation 
being over. We saw many black swans — 
the emu is also found occasionally. Several 
Friends gave a welcome. Sharp and severe 
sciatica attacked me after sitting in an 
open doorway, continuing some weeks and 
involving medical treatment. 

"Australia, Melbourne, Fourth Mo. 7th, 1893. 

"This city lies near the Yarra River, 
while on the north is a semi-circle of moun- 
tains, the population is five hundred thous- 
sand. Brick and stucco work are largely 
used in building. As our steamer reached 
the quay, it was very pleasant to be greeted 
by Frank Marsh and shortly by William 
Benson, at whose house we were kindly 
invited to make our home. When the 
Friends were gathered together, the reading 
of our certificates gave satisfaction, some 
speaking of them as indicative not only of 
the unity of the brethren with our prospects, 
but their brotherly sympathy for those to 
whom we had been sent. This was very 
precious and comforting to Friends in these 
isolated parts of the Society, and would 
prove a fresh source of strength to them. 

"By appointment we met William Closkey 
who was raised a Roman Catholic, but 
among other points questioned the doctrine 
of transubstantiation, receiving no satisfac- 
tory explanation from the priests, yet earn- 

( 175 ) 



estly seeking for light, he told us the words 
came to him clearly 'go to the Quakers!' 
'Now/ said he, 'I bless the Lord that my 
feet were turned to the Friends; I only wish 
others could know what their principles 
really are.' 

"The children of the Melbourne Meeting 
were gathered together to meet us; after a 
simple entertainment and a Scripture read- 
ing, I spoke in a familiar way on the early 
history of Friends, the convincement of 
William Penn, his dealings with the Indians, 
his government, &c. 

"At an informal gathering, a leading 
subject was the re-organization of evening 
companies for mutual edification; they 
wished specially to learn what methods had 
been helpful among Friends in Philadelphia, 
and we were glad to give them information. 

"Australia, Ballarat, Fifth Mo. 11th, 1893. 

"Having visited most pleasantly our 
members at Bendigo, we came to this town, 
and met with J. Phillips — twenty-six years 
ago, he with two others, put a notice in 
the papers requesting any who were connect- 
ed with Friends, to meet them at a given 
time and place. This brought out a few 
responses, and a meeting was formally 
established. Other Friends moved here 
and we find a good degree of spiritual vi- 
tality. 

"On our way to the 'Coffee Palace' we 
called at the 'School of Mines' where is a 
very fair collection of birds, animals and 

( 176 ) 



reptiles, beside an extensive mineralogical 
department. In the latter are a number of 
casts of nuggets of gold found in the Vic- 
torian mining district. One of these was 
not less than eighteen inches long an average 
of four inches thick and said to weigh twenty 
two hundred ounces. A platypus, a vam- 
pire, bones of the moa and various other 
rare specimens were in the collection, but 
the most unique was a large worm with a 
growth like a bunch of fern-leaves four 
inches long; this abnormal excrescence is 
probably a fungus fastened upon the un- 
fortunate worm. 

"Australia, Adelaide, Fifth Mo. 19th, 1893. 

"Called on Frederick Mackie, a dear old 
servant of the Lord in his eighty-second 
year; he had accompanied Robert Lindsay 
on a religious visit to India, he had also gone 
with Isaac Sharp to Norway; having long 
been in the station of minister, and latterly 
his wife Rachel is called to the same service; 
we frequently made our home with them. 

"24th. — The Queen's birthday here, as 
in the home country; this is observed as a 
general holiday, and the sky being beautiful- 
ly bright, all classes were abroad on foot or 
on wheels. I had been requested to say 
something concerning our African Ameri- 
cans and their present status in the United 
States. So with the help of a few notes, I 
was able to discourse an hour or more upon 
the subject, and as it seemed, to the grati- 
fication of my hearers. 

( 177 ) 



"Australia, Mt. Barker, Sixth Mo. 3rd, 1893. 

"Lucy Coleman met us and we stopped 
with her at the rooms of a Temperance 
'Coffee House' which was to be just opened 
by the W. C. T. U. and as president she was 
expected to be present. The ladies general- 
ly were there, and we having been introduced 
as Friends from the United States, I offered 
some words of encouragement for the good 
women, and in commendation of the excel- 
lent work which the W. C. T. U. had accom- 
plished in our country. Lucy Coleman at 
the age of thirty-seven was deprived of her 
husband and left with five children; taking 
them to England for eight years, she had 
them educated at Ackworth and then all 
returned here. With rare energy and busi- 
ness ability she moves about her home with 
native dignity and ease, having a place of 
influence in the whole community, a pro- 
nounced Friend in her religious views, she 
is the main stay of the little meeting. 

"6th. — We travelled many miles to visit 
an old man, who has been leading a rough 
life among the gold diggings, he lived alone 
in a log hut, with an earth floor, two stools, 
and a bag of straw for a bed ; we had carried 
some food with us, sharing it with him. As 
the lonely man became assured of the 
Christian sympathy that had brought us 
thus far, his shyness wore somewhat off, 
and way seemed better opened for leaving 
with him words of comfort and encourage- 
ment which he took kindly. He had passed 

( 178) 



as he told us, some twenty years in this 
forlorn manner. 

"We went to see a bee farm where twenty 
tons of honey were sold last year, Eucalyptus 
blossoms furnishing their food. We also 
passed a German Colony where thirty-five 
bushels of wheat to the acre were produced. 

"Australia, Melbourne, Sixth Mo. 19th, 1893. 

"At the meeting-house a large company 
came together and I read a paper which had 
been prepared not long since, in response to 
a request from dear young Friends of our 
own meeting, that I would speak to them 
upon some of the distinguishing views of 
Friends. Jonathan followed with fitting re- 
marks upon the need for the illuminating 
and quickening power of the Holy Spirit to 
prepare us to accept and to hold in their 
integrity, the various doctrines and testi- 
monies of our Society. Once more brethren 
and sisters of all classes, gathered about us 
to take final leave, and wish us a happy 
return to our distant homes, while we 
joined others in the train for Tinnar. 

" On Shipboard, Seventh Month 1st, 1893. 
"As we pass on to other lands, five days 
at sea bring us to New Zealand. Arrived 
at Dunedin, we find it with a population of 
five thousand; the public buildings of fair 
proportions, the town hall a handsome 
edifice with a fine chiming clock that re- 
minds me of 'Big Ben' in the Parliament 
Buildings for which I've loved to listen in 
far off London. The 'Octagon' is an open 

( 179 ) 



space where several thoroughfares converge; 
here rises a statue of Robert Burns, one a 
among many evidences of a strong Scotch 
element that has always pervaded Dunedin, 
and for a long while exercised a controlling 
influence. Other members of the British 
household are now coming to assert their 
claims, and a large admixture of English, 
Irish and Welsh is bringing a more whole- 
some condition. Six inches of snow have 
just fallen making the streets sloppy, but 
S. Harlock came to meet us and soon put us 
in touch with Friends generally; again we 
have to admire and bless the guiding hand 
of the 'Shepherd of Israel' Who has so often 
made good to us His word when He putteth 
'forth his sheep He goeth before them.' 

"Edendale, N. Z., Seventh Month 11th, 1893. 

"We came here to visit Alfred Quertier 
and his wife who are both natives of Guern- 
sey and have leased five hundred acres 
near the top of a mountain, here he feeds 
one thousand sheep and over fifty cattle; we 
found his son plowing with a double fur- 
rowed plow drawn by four horses; land is 
rented in this neighborhood on five year 
leases, at about fifteen shillings an acre, per 
annum, by the 'New Zealand Land Company' 
which is an English corporation holding 
from thirty thousand to forty thousand 
acres. The rabbits here, as in other parts, 
have become a great pest, devouring the 
root crops as well as winter sown wheat, 
barking fruit trees, &c. Among the various 

( 180) 



methods resorted to for checking their 
increase, poisoning seems most effectual, 
though traps are used. By law all farmers 
at a given day are required to spread oats, 
steeped in a solution of phosphorus, after 
which date, none can be sold or used for 
food, till the restriction is removed. A pair 
will rear eleven litters annually. In some 
parts wire fences are maintained at the 
public expense, which are fairly effective in 
restraining them within certain districts. 
A. Quertier has a man engaged by the year 
as a 'rabbiter', his sole business being to 
make war on rabbits by every means in his 
power. The skins have a small market 
value, and factories are busily employed in 
canning their meat for home consumption 
and export. 

"A meeting had been appointed for us 
at the Presbyterian place of worship, here 
came together eighty persons ; I spoke upon 
the wide difference between the purposes of 
the enemy of souls and the blessed mission 
of Him who came that men might have life. 
Jonathan followed in an earnest exhortation 
to the unconverted, and the meeting closed 
as it had been held, under a feeling of solem- 
nity, which was a comfort to us. 

" Christ Church, N. Z., Seventh Mo. 20, 1893. 

"The River Avon runs through the whole 
extent of this town, the banks planted with 
varieties of the willow. The names of the 
streets and Parks are those of bishops and 
other dignitaries in the mother country, 

("181 ) 



the population is forty thousand, and the 
city is regarded as a center of culture and 
refinement ; at several points we had distant 
views of the New Zealand Alps snow-covered 
mountains with bold peaks suggestive of 
Switzerland. Our friend Henry Wardell, 
took us to see one of the sixteen meat curing 
factories in New Zealand. Here we were 
shown the freezing process, common air 
being condensed under very heavy pressure, 
then sudenly expanded, producing a tem- 
perature of zero; the whole carcasses 
wrapped in muslin are kept in this for forty- 
eight hours. One million five hundred thou- 
sand were sent last year from New Zealand to 
England. Our meeting with the Friends at 
Christ Church tended to mutual profit. 

" Wellington, N. Z., Eighth Mo. 2nd, 1893. 

"A voyage of a day and a night brought 
us to the North Island mountains, bare of 
vegetation. On our right, the peaks sharp 
and angular, the sides seamed with deep 
gorges; their cavernous depths suggesting 
extinct volcanoes. We called on Thomas 
and Jane Mason living in a delightful spot, 
luxuriant with rare trees and beautiful with 
camellias, rhododendron, azaleas and other 
flowering shrubs in full bloom. T. M. is an 
enthusiastic horticulturist, and possessed of 
much botanical knowledge. Being one of 
the early colonists, he has been thrown 
frequently among the Maoris, whom he re- 
gards as a superior race, and deplores the 
steady decrease in their numbers, through 

C 182 ) 



the diseases and vices introduced by the 
Whites. We called on two nurses from 
Exeter, England, who as Friends seemed 
heartily glad to see us; the hospital patients 
number about three hundred, largely for 
surgical treatment. Not far away is an 
Institution for the Insane. A meeting with 
the Primitive Methodists was a season of 
favor. 

" Palmerston, N. Z., Eighth Mo. 9th, 1893. 

"From this place we traveled twelve 
miles to visit Friends named Beale, Pudney 
and Grey, the evening was passed pleasantly 
in talking of the Maoris, (pronounced 
Mowry), their habits, customs and history. 
On the termination of the war between the 
British troops and these aborigines in 1862, 
resulting in the complete subjugation of the 
latter, the Government of New Zealand 
assigned land to the Maoris, and there seems 
no disposition on the part of the Whites to 
take it from them by fraud or force. In 
illustration of their self-respect we were told 
of a haughty young Englishman fresh from 
India, who expecting to find the servility to 
which he had been there accustomed, re- 
peated in New Zealand, undertook to treat 
his Maori shearers as though they were 
coolies. Whereupon, one of them thus 
addressed him 'Look here my man, if you 
talk to me in this style any longer, I'll dip 
you with the next sheep/ and continued 
our friend, ' he was big enough to do it.' It 
appears that many of the Maoris are quite 

( 183 ) 



wealthy, some J. Beale knew, who were the 
owners of at least thirty thousand acres of 
land, with large numbers of sheep. We 
have seen many comfortable houses, well 
painted and not distinguishable from those 
of the Whites, all are well clad; their children 
join those of the white settlers in the public 
schools of the districts in which they live, 
and nearly all speak English readily. They 
are represented in Parliament, by at least 
four members, elected by the tribes, and the 
Maori interests generally are committed to 
an official who is a member of the Governor 
General's Cabinet and styled the 'Native 
Minister/ The women are anything but 
attractive in feature or person; their faces 
often disfigured by tattooing of the lips and 
chin, which gave an ugly expression to the 
whole face. They were tidily dressed, but 
mostly very burly and coarse in figure; the 
men often stout and lubberly, but with 
intelligent faces. They all seemed much at 
their ease, getting in and out of the train 
with perfect nonchalance, and on meeting 
one another, rubbed noses, as we would 
shake hands. 

"Auckland, N. Z. Eighth Month 22nd, 1893. 

"The approach to this city is very pleas- 
ing. The broad, capacious bay is broken by 
several deep inlets and islands. The town 
stretches along the water front, consisting 
of a densely built section and several sub- 
urbs; while back of these to the east rises a 
line of hills, conspicuous among which is 

(184) 



Mt. Eden, an extinct volcano. The popula- 
tion is sixty thousand. By a 'Buss' we went 
to Avondale, where live Thomas and Ann 
Jackson, who we are truly glad to find have 
removed from their former residence, nearly 
one hundred miles to the north, in a most 
secluded and rude spot, to a property of 
about ten acres, with a very comfortable 
dwelling and a fair prospect of making a 
livelihood by the raising of fruit for the 
Auckland market. We had so often met 
with the photographs of these dear Friends, 
and heard so much of themselves and their 
virtues, that we needed no introduction, at 
once realizing the preciousness of that 
'Unity of the Spirit which is the bond of 
peace,' among those who own and seek to 
serve a common Master. One of the sons 
and an only daughter complete the family 
here, while four other sons are engaged in 
felling timber in the neighborhood of 
Gisborne. We walked and talked, and 
heartily enjoyed the opportunity for ex- 
changing views with this excellent pair, 
while sympathizing with them in their 
exercise of spirit for the best welfare of the 
Church in these parts. That by their re- 
moval to the new home, these interests will 
be greatly promoted, we cannot doubt, nor 
that dear Ann Jackson will find within easy 
reach, a wide scope for her loving heart and 
devoted service for her Lord. 



13 ( 185 ) 



"Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 24th, 1893. 

"William Brackenrigg, Secretary of the 
Y. M. C. A. called to invite us to take such 
part as we might feel drawn to do in a public 
gathering which assembles on First-day 
evenings in the Town Hall, under the aus- 
pices of the Association. This is collected, 
largely through the efforts of the members, 
from a class who seldom attend any place 
of worship, and some who are found wander- 
ing aimlessly in the streets. Upon hearing 
this explanation of our visitor, I at once 
felt this to be just one of the openings for 
public service, to which I have felt my mind 
drawn, almost since setting foot in Auck- 
land; and my dear companion sympathizing 
with me in the matter, we acceded to the 
request. 

"Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 26th, 1893. 

"Took tea with Alexander Russell and 
his family. They joined Friends in England 
by convincement, he has been appointed an 
'Overseer,' acts as Librarian for the meeting 
and may be justly described as one of the 
willing in 'Israel/ His business is that of a 
porter at the railroad station, and though 
the calling may seem an humble one, his 
integrity and faithfulness to his duties, have 
evidently won the confidence of those with 
whom he is brought in contact. He said 
smilingly, that a few days ago a question of 
veracity occurred among his comrades, when 
one of them pointing to himself exclaimed, 
'Oh! that man's a Quaker, you may trust 

(186) 



him ! ' The son and daughter are thoughtful 
sensible young persons and promising for 
future usefulness. 

"Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 27th, 1893. 

First-day — "At the Friends' Adult Class 
which met at half past nine, thirty-four per- 
sons were present. At the opening a hymn 
was sung, then a prayer offered. After which 
a chapter in Acts was read verse about, and 
comments made by different members of the 
class upon what had especially impressed 
their minds, most of these being marked 
by a depth of thoughtfulness and discern- 
ment. The meeting for worship began at 
eleven o'clock, when the room was filled to 
overflowing. At the evening gathering of 
the Y. M. C. A. six hundred were present and 
we felt some honest seekers were helped and 
comforted. 

"Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 28th, 1893. 

"Having been invited to a meeting of 
clergymen of various denominations, I felt 
it best to accept. I alluded briefly to simi- 
lar conferences among the missionaries in 
Japan and the happy results which flowed 
from them ; then spoke of the prayer of our 
Lord for His disciples being in measure an- 
swered, 'that they all might be one, as Thou 
Father art in Me, and I in Thee, that they 
may be one in Us, that the world may believe 
that Thou hast sent Me.' On leaving the 
room, the brethren rose, several warmly 
shaking hands and wishing us 'God Speed.' 

"Ninth Month 6th. — Making a visit to 

(187) 



Friends in the 'Bush' (primeval forest), we 
found J. Wilkins in the orchard he planted 
twenty-five years ago, he had a bundle of 
cuttings in his hand for grafting, but he is 
suffering from insect pests. Some of the 
Kouri pine trees are one hundred and fifty 
feet high and fifteen feet through; the 'mati' 
is another pine that takes a polish like 
mahogany. The wild flax of New Zealand 
grows in all parts and its fibre makes excel- 
lent ropes. We found J. Wilkin's wife a 
motherly woman with a large family of her 
own, and caring for two motherless little 
ones belonging to 'Claude' the hired man; 
both he and his wife had been reared by her, 
and he was now filling almost the place of a 
son to these well-tried friends. 

"Auckland, N. Z., Ninth Month 8th, 1893. 

"'A farewell social' was held for us at the 
meeting-house, and after a simple collation, 
we both had some exhortation tending to 
stir up the pure in mind in our hearers, they 
seemed loth to part with us, feeling that 
in all probability it would be the last time 
on this side the 'Better Country.' To me 
the occasion was a precious and peaceful 
closing of our labors in these Colonies, and 
my heart was melted in thanksgiving and 
praise. 

" Steam Ship Mariposa, Ninth Month 13th, 1893. 

"Samoa is in sight. Bold mountains are 
covered to their tops with dense verdure; on 
the shores are large plantations of bananas. 

(188) 



In the little town of Apia are two or more 
church edifices, the homes of the inhabitants 
embowered in tall palms; boats manned by 
half-clothed men, boys and girls, freighted 
with shells, fans and baskets, carry on 
a lively traffic with our passengers. We 
bought charming pink coral, exceedingly 
frail. Going to inquire as to the loud shouts 
and laughter that came from the stern, I 
found a squad of Islanders in the waves, 
splashing and diving after money tossed to 
them from above. Twas said they would 
bring a coin from the bottom when failing 
to catch it on the way. A pretty and merry 
group they were, while I could but mark the 
good features and fine physique of their race. 
In the evening Robert Louis Stevenson, 
widely known as a writer and residing at 
Samoa for his health, came on shipboard as 
a passenger. A few days after, at an even- 
ing entertainment, he read aloud from one 
of his own books a graphic description of a 
storm in these regions; I followed with a 
recitation of Longfellow's 'Arsenal at Spring- 
field.' On First-day Jonathan and I had 
religious service both with the first-class 
passengers and the steerage. A gentleman 
from Sydney I found to be very intelligent 
in conversation as to the right of conscience 
and that true liberty which there is in the 
Gospel. 'Your people,' he said, 'have done 
a great work for the world.' He had read 
'Barclay's Apology/ and of it he said,' 'twas 
the hardest nut I ever had to crack, and I 
regard it as one of the strongest theological 

( 189) 



works that has been written since the days 
of the Apostles. Barclay strikes right and 
left at all the errors in Church or State, and 
in that book are to be found the germs of the 
best religious thought of the present day.' 
As I listened wonderingly, I could but ask 
myself, how is it there are to be found so 
many, among the very people who were 
gathered by the teachings of Barclay and 
his fellow-laborers, who to-day are calling 
in question the soundness of their position, 
and ready to abandon it for systems of 
faith and practice based upon a lower stand- 
ard? Before retiring I had some satisfac- 
tory talk with an honest-faced man in the 
steerage who had been at our little deck 
service in the p. m. I sometimes found a 
cabin-boy reading our Bible, but he said he 
had not opened one for eight years. I intend 
to get one for him on landing. 

" Honolulu, Ninth Month 20th, 1893. 

"We met Martha Chamberlain to whom, 
with others engaged in the mission field here, 
we had a note of introduction from our 
dear friends J. and H. Bean. E. G. Beck- 
with, pastor of the Congregational Church 
said they were truly glad of our coming; we 
called on L. B. Coan, the widow of that 
devoted and honored missionary, Titus Coan. 
She has a sweet chastened spirit, numbers 
her blessings and still devotes herself to 
Christian work. 

" Ninth Month 22nd. — We also visited Pas- 
tor Damon, a leader in the mission for the 

(190) 



Chinese here, who number fifteen thousand. 
He represents the present state of affairs in 
Hawaii as unsettled; the deposed Queen 
still resides in Honolulu and has a numerous 
following among the natives, who affiliate 
with the lowest class of foreigners. The 
Provisional Government, on the other hand, 
he represents as having at its head some of 
the best men in the community, and that 
they are sustained by the better class of 
citizens of all nationalities, including the 
missionaries who are united in the view that, 
under existing circumstances, a change is 
demanded and that a return to monarchy 
would be both unwise and disastrous to the 
best interests of the people. 

" I was grieved to learn here of the decease, 
since we left home, of that devoted friend 
of the Negro and the Indian, General Arm- 
strong, a loss to the whole world. His 
parents were among the early Hawaiian 
missionaries; his sister is the wife of E. C. 
Beckwith, and she has shown me several 
letters referring to his last illness. As a boy 
he was educated here at Oahu College, its 
system has always been co-educational and 
its excellence he transmitted to Hampton 
Institute for Colored Youth in Virginia. 

"We visited the Kamehameha School 
for boys, established by a native lady of 
rank, who married a wealthy American 
named Bishop; it was well endowed; the 
school buildings, dormitories and teachers' 
residences are all in a good style of architec- 
ture. Besides a thorough English educa- 

(191) 



tion, various trades are taught, occupying a 
course of five years; a similar school for 
girls is being designed by the Trustees of the 
Bishop estate. Only Hawaiians or those 
of the mixed races are admitted; the whole 
number of boys is one hundred and fifty- 
six. Alice Haviland Thomson, a Friend 
from New York, welcomed us warmly; her 
husband being principal of the Industrial 
Department. 

" Paia, Island of Maui, Ninth Month 27th, 1893. 

"On the road hither we halted at Spreck- 
elsville, the center of Claus Spreckel's sugar 
plantation. Here are large grinding mills 
and works for preparing the sugar for export. 
Thus a little town of probably three thous- 
and inhabitants has sprung up of various 
nationalities, but largely Chinese, Japs and 
Portuguese, who tend the growing cane, or 
work in the mills at the grinding season; 
their cabins look uncomfortably small, the 
plantations on this island cover five thous- 
and acres and the crop yields fourteen 
thousand tons of sugar in a semi-refined 
condition. C. Spreckel's is represented as 
a keen business man, sixty-five years of age, 
by birth German, but living at 'Frisco, who 
looks sharply to his own interests and has 
until recently exercised almost a controlling 
influence in the affairs of Hawaii. In the 
present disturbed conditions, he ranges 
himself on the side of the deposed Queen, 
and as a consequence disfavors the Provis- 
sional Government and its efforts to obtain 

( 192 ) 



the protection of the United States. Two 
sons are connected with him in business 
and are said to possess much of their father's 
shrewdness and energy. 

"Jonathan walked three miles to see Amos 
Jones, whom we had met in California, he 
seems an honest-hearted and worthy old 
Friend. Jonathan returned on a mare of A. 
Jones's, who having a colt at home, only 
needed to be relieved of the rider in order 
to trot back to her master. H. B., wish- 
ing to hear something more of our views 
regarding 'the sacraments,' I endeavored to 
place them in a clear light, and she seemed 
quite able to grasp these, though still ham- 
pered with what is claimed as express com- 
mands on the part of the Saviour. The 
question regarding the perpetuity of the 
rites, was one which had not occurred to her 
mind. Jonathan having in his satchel, copies 
-of Barclay's Propositions regarding Baptism 
and Communion, we were glad to present 
them to her. 

" Honolulu, Tenth Month 14th, 1893. 

"We went to a meeting of Portuguese 
Protestants, who have suffered in various 
ways from the Roman Catholics. When 
living in Madeira, the priests had burned 
their Bibles, but they seemed in a tender 
forgiving spirit, and in this they desired to 
be kept. Thus the work of the Lord goes 
on in unlooked for places, and through 
agencies and methods which He is manifest- 
ly blessing. Their place of worship was a 

( 193 ) 



plain, neat edifice built mainly through the 
aid of the Central Union Church. The 
pastor an earnest, solid-looking man, from 
the Azores, desired that we might deliver 
any message we might have for his people, 
and he would gladly interpret; availing 
ourselves of this kindness, we both had 
some words of encouragement and comfort 
to offer. The company who numbered 
about seventy-five, gathered about us at the 
close, thanking us for the help our words 
had brought them, many were women with 
little ones beside them, or in their arms. 
" We passed a night-blooming Cereus, eight 
thousand flowers in bloom at one time, 
where it clambered over the wall in wild 
profusion. An ostrich farm also interested 
us, here were thirty large birds with ten 
young ones two weeks old, about the size 
of a small hen, but with ostrich legs; the 
farmer said the whole setting had hatched; 
and that the old birds were careful parents 
when undisturbed, sitting by turns very 
faithfully on their nest, which is little more 
than a large hole scratched in the sand. 

" Island of Oahu, Tenth Month 16th, 1893. 

"We went by train to Ewa, a plantation, 
to visit Duncan Murdock, a young Friend 
from Glasgow, and whose father I had met 
in Scotland. The surrounding region is 
highly fertile, especially Pearl City; experi- 
ments are being made on Sea Island, cotton, 
the plants looked admirably; coffee of a very 

( 194 ) 



superior grade is being raised to good ad- 
vantage. 

" Honolulu, Tenth Month 10th, 1893. 

"Having felt a little Gospel burden for 
the pupils and teachers of the Girls' Kawai- 
ahao Seminary, I joined them in their 
morning service at the opening of the school. 
The good order and loving Christian spirit 
that seemed to pervade the Institution, were 
exceedingly gratifying, and I found relief 
in endeavoring to strengthen the faith of 
the young women in the Truths of Chris- 
tianity, and the blessedness of the life into 
which they would be led, as these are hearti- 
ly embraced. I sought also to hold up the 
hands of their teachers in the discharge of 
the duties they have assumed, and to assure 
them of the reward that will be theirs as 
these are faithfully fulfilled. M. Chamber- 
lain had now called to take me to the 
'Lunalilo' Home for aged Aborigines. This 
has been founded by King Lunalilo, and is 
designed as a retreat for infirm old people 
of either sex. The buildings are well 
located' near the foot of the mountain range, 
are handsomely built, and judiciously fitted 
for the purpose. About thirty-five forlorn 
old bodies, are thus very kindly cared for, 
who would otherwise, probably, lead lives of 
wretchedness. The Institution is admira- 
bly managed by a widowed sister of IVL 
Chamberlain. 



( 195) 



"On Shipboard, Tenth Month 11th, 1893. 

"We laid in a stock of Hawaiian photo- 
graphs and finished needed arrangements 
for our departure, several of our newly 
found friends came to say a last farewell 
-and give us their best wishes. We soon 
encountered rough seas, which told upon 
the ship's company generally, ourselves 
included. A week's voyage brought us to 
the Golden Gate. My faithful companion 
being anxious to reach his home as soon as 
might be, it seemed needful for him to take 
the earliest train East, while I inclined to 
remain a few days longer in these parts, 
feeling that some little service for me at 
Santa Clara was yet unaccomplished; thus 
we, who had been so helpfully united in our 
lengthened labors, and travel by land and 
sea, parted in near love and unity, to go 
once more our separate ways. 

" San Jose, Cala., Tenth Month 22nd, 1893. 

"In the home of our dear friends Joel and 
Hannah Bean, a welcome awaited me; a 
tribute of thanksgiving, praise and prayer 
I felt called to offer, after the morning meal, 
which brought me relief and peace. Our 
First-day meeting numbered sixty persons, 
and felt to me a refreshing season. 

" Chicago, Tenth Month 27th, 1893. 

"The great World's Fair being still in 
progress, by spending a day here, I might 
have obtained a glimpse of the astonishing 
display, the fame of which had reached us 

(196) 



across the Pacific, and drawn hither many 
from the distant lands we had just visited. 
The sights' I now most longed to see, were 
my own sweet home, near a thousand miles 
away, and the loved ones there. Weighed 
against the wonders of the 'great show,' 
the latter faded into insignificance; so with 
a light and happy heart, I took the Chicago 
limited express of the Pennsylvania R. R., 
for Philadelphia. The very name of the 
train sounded sweetly familiar. Within 
five minutes of schedule time, we entered 
Broad Street Station. Some eyes were 
again dimmed, as we met the happy group 
on the same spot, where we parted so long 
ago, but these were tears of gratitude and 
joy, and we soon reached the home, that, in 
all the world, (of which I had now seen so 
much) seemed dearer than ever in my eyes. 

" Olney, Eleventh Month, 1893. 

"As the memory of the past is brought 
vividly before me, I can but recall the suc- 
cessive steps, through which I reverently 
believe, the Lord has led me to this very day. 

"It was about the twelfth year of my age, 
when a clear sight was given me that, if 
faithful to my Heavenly Father, I should 
have a service to do for Him, not only in 
various parts of my own country, but also 
in far distant lands. In the latter was very 
distinctly included, the mission in Gospel 
love, to Great Britain and parts of the 
European Continent; also a like service in 
Australia (then called 'New Holland'), and 

(197) 



some of the islands of the Pacific, more 
especially the Sandwich Islands, now known 
as the 'Hawaiian Group.' 

''Would that no sad memories must, at 
this iate day, recall a period when, through 
a wayward and rebellious course, I followed 
persistently my own devices. The Light, 
which for a time had flooded my pathway, 
was withdrawn, and I left to grope in a depth 
of spiritual darkness and unbelief, which 
to this day is remembered only with horror. 
Yet such was the long-sufTering love of my 
Heavenly Father that, before reaching 
manhood, I had been snatched from the pit 
toward which I was hastening ; my feet were 
plucked out of the miry clay and set once 
more upon 'the Rock of Ages/ while a new 
song was henceforth put into my mouth, 
even praise unto our God. A full surrender 
of will and life to the Divine disposal, which 
was then made, has been far more than 
compensated, by a cup overflowing with 
temporal blessings, and the consciousness 
of a Guiding Hand, that has led me about 
and instructed me, from youth to old age. 
Well may I now exalt His holy Name, and 
commend to others a love so Divine, a 
Fatherly care so tender, a faithfulness that 
never fails His dependent children. 

"In the years that followed the happy 
consecration above referred to, the choice 
of an occupation — the selection of a home — 
the gift of a loving, wise and true help-meet, 
whose precious companionship is still grant- 
ed me — the affectionate, dutiful children, 

(198) 



whom the Lord has given and yet spares us 
in our declining years. My call to the min- 
istry, together with the many important 
duties that have fallen to my portion in the 
church and community, are all an abundant 
fulfillment of the promise given in very 
childhood, that, if I did but just 'seek first 
the kingdom of God and His righteousness, 
all things needful would be added.' Al- 
though varied and more or less extended 
religious services on the American Continent, 
had from time to time, called me abroad, the 
prospect, so early presented, of Gospel 
labors across the seas, was frequently and 
strongly pressing upon me. Yet the right 
time for entering upon them, was quite 
hidden from my view. When, however, 
this had fully come, no doubt upon that 
point, clouded the outlook, and to my 
grateful admiration, every difficulty that 
prudence might suggest, or the enemy of all 
good invent, vanished, I knew not how or 
where. Thus in childlike faith, the exten- 
sive service beyond the Atlantic was engaged 
in. A series of favoring circumstances and 
singular openings, marked the needful pre- 
parations for the work, and indeed its whole 
history. These I dare not refer to as mere 
happy coincidences, or anything less than 
the guiding and helping hand of the best 
of Masters. With my dear friend, Thomas 
P. Cope who joined me heartily in the service 
and proved a most faithful and efficient 
yoke-fellow, it was completed in 1890, and 

( 109) 



from this we returned in safety, with the 
sheaves of peace in our bosoms. 

"Time, as I now felt, was rapidly passing 
with me, and although still favored with no 
common share of health and vigor, it was 
evident that, in the course of nature, these 
must soon be failing, and as the burden grew 
more heavy, hindering things seemed to 
multiply. Especially was I exercised as to 
a suitable companion in the work. Whilst 
pondering upon this with some anxiety, I 
received a letter from Jonathan E. Rhoads 
of Wilmington, Delaware, under date of 
Eleventh Month 24th, 1891, on this wise: — 

"Dear Friend: — 

" I have long had an apprehension of a 
call to religious service along the Pacific 
Coast of our country, and in lands beyond 
the great ocean. This prospect has always 
been associated with thee, as having a con- 
cern in the same direction. It now appears 
to be nearly the time when the undertaking, 
if entered upon, should be attempted. It 
may seem presumptuous to thee, for me to 
propose such a thing, and if I am altogether 
mistaken, it would relieve me to know what 
thy views are in respect to so important an 
undertaking — not doubting that if thou 
hast such work to do, thou hast had a clear 
sight of it ere now.' 

"As I laid down the letter I could only 
marvel at the unseen finger that was mani- 
festly pointing the way, and confirming the 
view that the time for taking the first step, 

(200) 



in the service had come, so that I could 
simply say 'good is the word of the Lord!' 
In this conviction it is to be observed that, 
thus far, I had refrained from naming to any 
one, even my beloved wife, the burden 
which had long been carried in secret. 
Although Jon. E. Rhoads and I had been 
occasionally associated in the affairs of our 
religious Society, and I had formed a high 
appreciation of his worth, we were seldom 
thrown together socially, and never had been 
intimate, so that his perception of my call, 
as so nearly co-incident with his own, was 
at least remarkable. The receipt of the 
foregoing, led to an early interview, wherein 
I explained that the work to which I felt 
drawn, embraced a visit in the love of the 
Gospel to Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand 
and the Hawaiian Islands, while more or 
less religious service in the Empire of Japan 
was also included. On the other hand, I 
felt that no special call to labor in those 
parts of our own country bordering on the 
Pacific had been laid upon me. This latter 
was evidently resting much on Jonathan's 
mind, but while Japan had not been included 
in his prospect, he felt more than a willing- 
ness to accompany me hither and take such 
part as might fall to his portion. Suffice 
it to say, that, under a deep sense of the 
weighty nature of the commission which we 
reverently believed had been given us, yet 
in the faith that the blessed Head of the 
Church, as our eyes were kept single to Him 
would Himself open the way and lead to its 
completion, we forthwith proceeded to 

14 ( 201 ) 



inform our near relatives and the meetings 
to which we belonged, receiving their warm 
sympathy and encouragement. Through 
the liberality and aid of various brethren, 
the financial provision needful for the under- 
taking was promptly made, and every other 
care from which they could relieve us, was 
sweetly shared or borne. 

"The unanimity with which we were set 
at liberty by the Yearly Meeting of Ministers 
and Elders, was very striking, so that we 
left our homes with the unity and prayers 
of the Church, and the tender sympathy of 
our friends." 



"The foregoing Diary tells its own story, 
how my fellow-laborer in the work wrought 
lovingly and in near unity of spirit with me 
from first to last; how we were watched over 
and cared for by the best of Guides, through 
all the perils by land and sea to which we 
were exposed; how, as utter strangers in 
strange lands, hearts and homes were opened 
to receive us, wherever our steps were turned ; 
how we were enabled to meet wisely many 
unlooked for emergencies, and how mouth 
and wisdom, tongue and utterance were 
graciously granted, in proclaiming among 
the Isles afar off, the unsearchable riches of 
Christ, yet none the less strengthened, as I 
trust, faithfully to set forth His rightful 
claim upon the hearts and wills and lives 
of men. 

"As I write, there are brought freshly to 
mind the laborers in the mission fields of 

( 202) 



Japan, China and the Hawaiian Islands, 
with whom it was our privilege to mingle, 
often sweetly uniting us in that broad Chris- 
tian fellowship wherein is realized the mean- 
ing of our Lord's declaration, 'One is your 
Master, even Christ, and all ye are brethren/ 
We could not but be impressed with the 
deep piety and self-renunciation which 
marked the lives of many of these devoted 
men and women, cut off as they are from 
association with any large body of their 
fellow-believers, but because of this isolation, 
drawn the more frequently to seek for the 
strength and wisdom, that can 'come only 
from above.' 

"Then the meetings among our own 
people, dotted here and there along the 
coasts of Australia or New Zealand, brought 
us into near sympathy with their members, 
beset as they are with grave difficulties and 
dangers, but struggling to uphold the prin- 
ciples of 'Quakerism' under conditions that 
were often very discouraging. Especially do 
my thoughts revert to homes, reached only 
by long and wearisome journeys, where a 
little family or single individual had been 
hidden away for years in 'the Bush,' or 
on some secluded 'Ranch,' occasionally 
hearing from the friends in the far away 
mother-country, and still more seldom 
meeting with their fellow-members in re- 
ligious profession. The distance that parted 
us from our own homes, as well as the lead- 
ing purpose which had brought us to their 
doors, seemed readily to open the hearts 
of these lonely ones, bringing back it might 

(203 ) 



be, cherished memories, unsealing fountains 
of feeling, that had well nigh dried. The 
heartiness with which we were thus wel- 
comed and the refreshing seasons together 
with which we were often favored, made 
some of these visits especially relieving and 
grateful to us. 

"The results of labors, so extended and 
varied, we may gladly leave in the hands 
of the Heavenly Husbandman, for we know 
'that the seed often sown in weakness, He 
can raise in power, to the praise of His own 
great Name.' And now from a broad 
retrospect of this evening offering, my soul 
is bound in reverential gratitude, to ack- 
nowledge that He who, in my very childhood 
called for it, has more than made good His 
promise to guide, and keep, and bless me, 
if I would but follow Him. Many short- 
comings and failures on my part, have 
marked this last, and other kindred services, 
but when undertaken in filial faith, and with 
the strength graciously granted, if it were 
now asked of me — 'lackest thou anything?' 
I could only from an overflowing heart, 
respond, 'nothing Lord.'" 



In recording the travels of my dear father, 
I have adhered as closely, as condensing 
would permit, to the actual words of his 
manuscript, though occasional transposi- 
tions were necessary, and subjects men- 
tioned in different pages, have been brought 
together. 

The character of Samuel Morris was sin- 

(204) 



gularly free from self-sufficiency, and we 
quote an apt passage from one of his favorite 
authors. 

"To know how to be loved and honored 
without losing yourself and growing weak — 
that is the problem of many of the sweetest, 
richest, most attractive lives 

"If the much-beloved man can look up 
and demand the love of God, if laying hold 
of its great freedom, he can make it his, he 
is free. 

"Then let him come back and take into 
a glowing heart, the affection of his brethren, 
let him walk the earth with hosts of friends, 
the heaven, that he carries in his heart, 
preserves him. 

"They cannot make him conceited, for 
he, who lives with God, must be humble. 
They cannot drown his self-hood, for the 
God he serves, is always laying upon him, 
his own personal duties, and bringing the 
soul before its own judgment-seat every 
day." 

" To pass through life beloved as few are loved, 
To prove the joys of earth as few have proved, 
And still to keep the soul's white robe unstained, 
Such is the victory that thou hast gained." 

The friendship between Samuel Morris 
and J. B. Braithwaite began in the meridian 
of their lives and continued to the very end, 
for each visited the other many times in 
America and England, while their corres- 
pondence brings out a strong interchange of 
views, and a harmony of purpose in service 
for their Lord. 

And when in his seventy-eighth year, 

(205 ) 



Samuel Morris was called up higher, a letter 
came to his brother, written by J. B. Braith- 
waite, aged eighty-seven. It was among 
the last he penned, for a week later, he too 
reecived the heavenly summons. The letter 
is as follows : — 

"London, 312 Camden Road, 

Eleventh Month 7th, 1905. 
41 My dear Friend: — 

" Many thanks for thy letter just received, 
announcing the decease of thy dear and 
never-to-be-forgotten brother, Samuel Mor- 
ris. 

"He was one whom I dearly loved; of 
whom his life testified that he 'walked with 
God/ And in following him as he followed 
Christ, it may be the joy and consolation 
of them that abide in Him who is 'the 
Resurrection and the Life/ to bear in mind 
that to them, that solemn change which we 
call Death, involves in itself no real separa- 
tion. It is rather a translation from the 
lower to the upper sanctuary of our Father's 
house. That house is not a divided house, 
His family is not a divided family — it is one 
house and one family on earth and in 
Heaven. And they that abide where He 
has seen fit to place them, and are faithful 
to their measure of service for Him, all the 
days of their appointed time, even here 
upon earth are no less in their appropriate 
sphere of duty, than are the redeemed before 
the Throne. 

"Therefore, let us each be of good cheer, 
and with all diligence yield ourselves to His 
guidance, who is in His Infinite grace, lead- 

( 206 ) 



ing us also upward and onward to the house 
not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. 
"Believe me to be in sympathy and love, 
" Thy sincere friend, 

J. B. Braithwaite." 



The religious visits of our father to distant 
countries and his records of them were now 
over. The afternoon of his life had come, 
the home duties were gladly resumed, and 
the last twelve years were filled with joyful 
work in his more immediate part of the 
vineyard. There were no vain regrets for 
misspent time, no inaction, no dread of the 
future. 

And when the twilight came there was 
no long illness, "no sadness of farewell," as 
he embarked — the Pilot whom he had 
trusted, met him "face to face," and we, 
who are left, can only give thanks for the 
years when we were voyagers with him. 




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